Akunakugwenywa ukuthi izinkinga zivele ekusebenziseni umshini wokusika nge-laser, ngakho-ke ungazixazulula kanjani lezi zinkinga? Bheka imibuzo elandelayo engu-7. Uke wahlangabezana nazo ngesikhathi sokusebenza?
1. Indlela yokusika i-punch. Noma iyiphi indlela yokusika ngokushisa, ngaphandle kwezimo ezimbalwa lapho iqala khona emaphethelweni ebhodi, imvamisa idinga imbobo encane ebhodini. Ngaphambi komshini wokusika nge-laser stamping, kufanele usebenzise i-punch ukuze uqale ukhiphe imbobo, bese sisebenzisa i-laser evela ekusikeni kocwaningo lokuthuthukiswa kwembobo encane. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokungena kumsiki we-laser ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-perforator:
Ukubhoboza kokuqhuma – Izinto zikhanyiswa yi-laser eqhubekayo ukuze kwakheke i-crater maphakathi nezinto, bese zihlanganiswa ngokushesha futhi zisuswe umfudlana we-oxygen coaxial nge-laser beam. Ngokuvamile, ubukhulu bomgodi buhlobene nobukhulu bepuleti. Ububanzi obumaphakathi bomgodi wokuqhuma buyingxenye yobukhulu bepuleti. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bomgodi wokuqhuma wepuleti elijiyile bukhulu kunokuba buyindilinga, okungafanele izingxenye ezinezidingo eziphezulu zokunemba komshini. Vele ulahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba ingcindezi yemvelo ye-oxygen esetshenziswa yibhizinisi iyafana nokuthi lapho usika, i-splash inomthelela omkhulu.
I-Pulse Punch – Isebenzisa i-laser evunguzayo enamandla aphezulu ukuncibilikisa noma ukuhwamukisa inani elincane lezinto. Umoya noma i-nitrogen kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengegesi elisizayo ukunciphisa ukwanda kwembobo okubangelwa yi-oxidation ye-exothermic. Umfutho wegesi ungaphansi komfutho we-oxygen ngesikhathi sokusika. Umfutho ngamunye owenziwa yi-laser ukhiqiza i-jet encane yezinhlayiya, ezithuthukiswa kancane kancane ngokujula, ngakho-ke sidinga isikhathi sokuvunguza ipuleti elijiyile ngemizuzwana embalwa. Uma ukuvunguza sekuqediwe, sika nge-oxygen esikhundleni segesi elisizayo. Ububanzi obunjalo bokuvunguza bunomphumela omncane futhi ikhwalithi yayo yokuvunguza ingcono kune-blasting perforation. I-laser esetshenziselwa ukusika nge-laser akufanele nje ibe namandla aphezulu okukhipha, kodwa futhi ibe nezici zesikhathi nezendawo zomsebe, ngakho-ke i-laser ye-CO2 ejwayelekile yokugeleza ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusika nge-laser. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuba nohlelo lokulawula indlela yegesi oluthembeke kakhulu ukuze kufezwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zegesi, ukushintsha kwengcindezi yegesi kanye nokulawula isikhathi sokubhoboza.
Ukuze kutholakale ukusika kwekhwalithi ephezulu, kufanele kunakwe ubuchwepheshe bokushintsha kusukela ekushayeni kwe-pulse lapho umsebenzi uphumula kuya ekusikeni okuqhubekayo ngesivinini esiqhubekayo. Ngokwethiyori, ngokuvamile kungenzeka ukushintsha izimo zobuchwepheshe zokusika zesigaba sokusheshisa sebhizinisi, njengobude be-focal, isikhundla se-nozzle, ingcindezi yegesi, njll., kodwa empeleni, akunakwenzeka ukushintsha izimo ezingaphezu kweyodwa ngoba isikhathi sokusebenza sifushane kakhulu. Ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni, kungenzeka ukushintsha amandla e-laser ajwayelekile ngokushintsha ububanzi be-pulse, imvamisa ye-pulse, ububanzi be-pulse kanye nemvamisa ye-pulse. Ukuhlaziywa kwemiphumela yocwaningo lwangempela kubonisa ukuthi indlela yesithathu inomphumela omuhle kakhulu.
2. Ukuhlaziywa kokuguquguquka kwenqubo yokusika imbobo yokhiye. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amathuluzi omshini waseShayina (ale mishini yokusika i-laser enamandla amakhulu kuphela) awakwazi ukuthatha ukubhoboza kokuqhumisa lapho kucutshungulwa imbobo yokhiye, kodwa asebenzisa ukubhoboza kwe-pulse (ukubhoboza okuthambile), okwenza ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla e-laser endaweni encane yezingane kugxile kakhulu, futhi indawo yebhizinisi engacutshungulwa iyashiswa. Kubangela ukuguqulwa kwembobo, kuthinta ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza kanye nemikhiqizo yokucubungula. Njengamanje, enkambisweni yokucubungula, indlela yokushaya i-pulse (ukubhoboza okuthambile) kufanele ishintshwe ibe yindlela yokushaya i-blasting (ukubhoboza okujwayelekile) ukuxazulula le nkinga. Futhi kumshini wokusika i-laser onamandla amancane kuphambene nalokho, ukucubungula imbobo kufanele kuthathe izindlela ezahlukene zokushaya i-pulse ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqeda okungcono kobuso.
Isixazululo senkinga ye-laser yokusika insimbi ephansi ye-carbon steel burr, ngokwesimiso esiyisisekelo somsebenzi wokusika i-laser we-CO2 kanye nomklamo wokufundisa, ukuhlaziywa kungaphetha ngokuthi kunezizathu ezilandelayo ukuthi ibhizinisi elibangelwa yi-workpiece ukukhiqiza i-burr imbangela yenkinga eyinhloko: indawo yokugxila kwe-laser phezulu naphansi ayilungile, kudingeka kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwesikhundla sokugxila, ngokuya ngokugxila komphakathi kokulungiswa kwe-offset ngesikhathi; Amandla okukhipha e-laser akwanele, sidinga ukuhlola ukuthi abasebenzi bejeneretha ye-laser bangaba yini abavamile, uma kungeyona evamile, bese sibheka ukuthi indlela yezinombolo yokukhipha yenkinobho yokulawula ubuchwepheshe be-laser kufanele ibe efanele, ukuze ilungiswe; Ijubane lokusika eliqondile lihamba kancane kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwandisa ijubane eliqondile ekulawulweni kwengozi yokusebenza kwangempela. Ubumsulwa bokusika igesi akwanele, isidingo sokuthuthukisa ukuhlinzeka ngokuphathwa kokusika kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwezomnotho endaweni yokusebenza igesi; i-laser focus offset, isidingo sokwenza ukuhlolwa kwesikhundla sokugxila, ngokuya ngokugxila kwe-offset kulungiswa njalo; Lapho ithuluzi lomshini lisebenza isikhathi eside, uthisha udinga ukuvala bese eqala kabusha.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-burr yensimbi engagqwali kanye ne-aluminium zinc plate workpiece burr nge-laser 4, ukuvela kwalezi zimo, isidingo sokuqala sokucabanga ngokusika insimbi ephansi yekhabhoni lapho i-burr ifaka izinto, kodwa akunakugwenywa ukusheshisa isivinini sokusika, ngoba kungandisa isivinini sokuthuthuka ngezinye izikhathi ukusika ipuleti akugugi isimo, lesi simo sokufundisa sibaluleke kakhulu ekucubunguleni ipuleti ye-aluminium zinc. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele sicabangele ukuthi ngabe i-nozzle kufanele ishintshwe, ukunyakaza okungazinzile kwesitimela sokuqondisa nezinye izinto okufanele zixazululwe.
I-laser engu-5 ayinqamuli ngokuphelele isimo sokuhlaziywa, ukuhlaziywa kungatholakala ngezimo eziningana ezahlukene ezilandelayo yintuthuko eyinhloko yokungazinzi ethinta ikhwalithi yokucubungula: ukukhethwa kwe-nozzle yekhanda le-laser kanye nobukhulu bepuleti yokucubungula akufani; Isivinini somugqa wokusika we-laser sishesha kakhulu, sidinga ikhono lethu lokulawula uhlelo lokusebenza ukunciphisa isivinini somugqa; Ukufakwa kwe-nozzle akuvunyelwe ukuholela endaweni yokugxila kwe-laser iphutha likhulu kakhulu, sidinga ukuqala futhi ukuthola idatha yokufakwa kwe-nozzle, ikakhulukazi lapho ukusika i-aluminium kungenzeka kakhulu kuholele kuyo.
Ukusika insimbi ephansi yekhabhoni engu-6 ukucubungula okungajwayelekile lokhu kuzothinta izingxenye zokucubungula kokuphela kokusika ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Uma ezinye izilinganiso zijwayelekile, lezi zimo ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe: I-NOZZEL yekhanda le-laser ilahlekile. Buyisela i-nozzle ngesikhathi. Uma kungekho i-nozzle entsha yokufaka esikhundleni sekesi, kufanele kwandiswe ukuphathwa kokusika indawo yokusebenza igesi ngokucindezela; Intambo ephakathi kwe-nozzle nekhanda le-laser ikhululekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele simise ngokushesha ukusika, sihlole isimo sokusebenza sokuxhumeka kwekhanda le-laser, bese siphinda sifake intambo.
7. Vikela ilensi ukuze ikhiqize inkungu yamanzi enkambisweni yokusika umshini wokusika nge-laser, igesi elisizayo libalulekile! Phakathi kwazo, umoya-mpilo ne-nitrogen kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezweni lethu. Yiqiniso, uma igesi ihlanzekile kakhulu, ikhwalithi yokusika izoba ngcono. Kunamakhasimende amaningi afuna ukonga izindleko zokusika umoya, kodwa kuhlale kunenkungu evikela ilensi enkambisweni yokusika, ikhwalithi yokusika imbi kakhulu, kungani?
Okokuqala, sinike konke ukuthandwa, indima yegesi esekelayo: 1. Ukususa izinsalela, ukufeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokusika. 2. Sebenzisa igesi ukususa ukuncibilika kwensimbi
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-28-2023
