Ni ngombwa ko ibibazo bibaho mu ikoreshwa ry'imashini ikata laser, none se ibi bibazo byakemurwa gute? Reba ibibazo 7 bikurikira. Ese waba warahuye nabyo mu gihe cy'ikorwa?
1. Uburyo bwo gukata ibipfunsi. Uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo gukata ibipfunsi, uretse mu bihe bike aho bitangirira ku nkengero z'ikibaho, akenshi bisaba umwobo muto mu kibaho. Mbere yo gukoresha imashini ikata ibipfunsi bya laser, ugomba gukoresha ibipfunsi kugira ngo ubanze uvanemo umwobo, hanyuma tugakoresha laser yo mu bushakashatsi bwo guteza imbere umwobo muto. Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ibanze bwo kwinjira mu gicucu cya laser udakoresheje imashini itobora:
Gutobora ibintu – Ibikoresho bitangwa na laser ikomeza gukora ikigega hagati mu bikoresho, hanyuma bigahita bivanwamo n'umuyoboro wa ogisijeni hamwe n'umuyoboro wa laser. Muri rusange, ingano y'umwobo ifitanye isano n'ubugari bw'isahani. Ubugari bw'umwobo usanzwe ni kimwe cya kabiri cy'ubugari bw'isahani. Kubwibyo, uburebure bw'umwobo utobora ibintu ku isahani nini ni bunini aho kuba uruziga, ibyo ntibikwiriye ibice bifite ibisabwa byo gukora neza. Gusa kuraho gusa. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko umuvuduko wa ogisijeni mu bidukikije ukoreshwa n'ikigo ari umwe n'uwo mu gihe cyo gukata, gusya bigira ingaruka zikomeye.
Pulse Punch - Ikoresha laser ikoresha imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo ishongeshe cyangwa ihindure umwuka mu buryo butangaje ibintu bike. Umwuka cyangwa azote bikunze gukoreshwa nk'umwuka w'inyongera kugira ngo bigabanye kwaguka k'umwobo uterwa no gushonga kw'umwuka mu kirere. Umuvuduko wa gaze ni muto ugereranije n'umuvuduko wa ogisijeni mu gihe cyo gukata. Buri pulse ikorwa na laser itanga gusa umuvuduko muto w'uduce duto, dukomeza kwiyongera buhoro buhoro mu bujyakuzimu, bityo dukeneye igihe kinini cyo gutobora isahani mu masegonda make. Iyo gutobora kurangiye, kata ogisijeni aho gukoresha umwuka w'inyongera. Umurambararo nk'uwo w'intoboro ugira ingaruka nke kandi ubwiza bwawo bwo gutobora ni bwiza kuruta gutobora. Laser ikoreshwa mu gukata laser ntigomba kugira imbaraga nyinshi zo gusohora gusa, ahubwo igomba no kugira imiterere y'igihe n'ahantu by'umuraba, bityo laser ya CO2 ikoreshwa mu gutobora ntishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo gukata laser. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kugira uburyo bwizewe bwo gucunga inzira ya gaze kugira ngo hagerwe ku bwoko butandukanye bwa gaze, guhindura umuvuduko wa gaze no kugenzura igihe cyo gutobora.
Kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo gukata bwiza, hakwiye kwitabwaho ikoranabuhanga ryo guhindura imikorere kuva ku gukubita umuvuduko w'amajwi iyo igikoresho kiri ku murongo kugeza ku gukata umuvuduko uhoraho. Mu buryo bw'imitekerereze, ubusanzwe birashoboka guhindura imiterere y'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukata igice cyo kwihutisha ikigo, nko kureba uburebure bw'umuvuduko, aho amazi aherereye, umuvuduko wa gaze, nibindi, ariko mu by'ukuri, ntibishoboka guhindura ibirenze kimwe muri ibi kuko igihe cyo gukora ari gito cyane. Mu nganda, birashoboka guhindura imbaraga za laser zisanzwe uhindura ubugari bw'amajwi, umuvuduko w'amajwi, ubugari bw'amajwi n'umuvuduko w'amajwi. Isesengura ry'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi nyakuri ryerekana ko uburyo bwa gatatu bufite ingaruka nziza.
2. Isesengura ry’uburyo bwo gukata imyobo y’imfunguzo. Ibi biterwa nuko ibikoresho by’imashini zo mu Bushinwa (kuri izi mashini zikoresha imbaraga nyinshi zo gukata imiyobo) bidashobora gufata imyobo yo guturika mu gihe cyo gukata imyobo y’imfunguzo, ahubwo bikoresha imyobo yo guturika imiyobo (gutobora buhoro), bituma iterambere ry’ingufu za laser mu gace gato k’abana riba ryinshi cyane, kandi agace k’ikigo kidatunganya imyobo kakangirika. Bitera impinduka mu myobo, bigira ingaruka ku ireme ry’umusaruro n’ibicuruzwa bitunganywa. Muri iki gihe, mu gihe cyo gukata, uburyo bwo guturika imiyobo (gutobora buhoro) bugomba guhinduka bugakoreshwa mu gutobora imiyobo (gutobora bisanzwe) kugira ngo bikemure iki kibazo. Kandi ku mashini nto ikoresha imbaraga nyinshi zo gukata imiyobo ni ibinyuranye, mu gihe cyo gutunganya imyobo hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo butandukanye bwo guturika imiyobo kugira ngo habeho irangi ryiza.
Uburyo butatu bwo gukemura ikibazo cya laser cutting steel burr low carbone, hakurikijwe ihame ry'ibanze ry'akazi ko gukata laser CO2 no gushushanya inyigisho, isesengura rishobora kwemeza ko hari impamvu zikurikira ari uko ikigo giterwa n'uko igikoresho gitanga burr ari cyo kibazo nyamukuru: aho laser ishyirwa hejuru no hasi ntabwo ari ho, hakenewe gukora ikizamini cyo gushyiramo imbaraga, hakurikijwe imiterere y'imibereho y'aho offset iherereye; Ingufu zo gusohora za laser ntabwo zihagije, tugomba kugenzura niba abakozi ba generator ya laser bashobora kuba basanzwe, niba atari basanzwe, hanyuma tukareba niba uburyo bwo gutanga imibare bwa buto ya sisitemu yo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga rya laser bukwiye kuba bwiza, kugira ngo bukosorwe; Umuvuduko wo gukata ugenda buhoro cyane, bityo ni ngombwa kongera umuvuduko wa linear mu kugenzura ingaruka z'imikorere. Ubuziranenge bwa gazi yo gukata ntibuhagije, hakenewe iterambere kugira ngo habeho imicungire myiza y'ubukungu yo gukata ahantu hakorerwa gazi; Laser focus offset, hakenewe gukora ikizamini cyo gushyiramo imbaraga, hakurikijwe imiterere ya offset ihora ihinduka; Iyo igikoresho cy'imashini kimaze igihe kirekire, umwarimu agomba kuzimya no kongera gutangira.
Isesengura rya burr rya 4 rikozwe muri laser, icyuma kidashonga na aluminiyumu zinc plate, ivuka ry'ibi bibazo, icya mbere ni ugutekereza ku gukata icyuma gito cya karuboni iyo burr ikoze, ariko ni ngombwa kwihutisha umuvuduko wo gukata, kuko bishobora kongera umuvuduko w'iterambere rimwe na rimwe gukata plate ntibiramba, iki kibazo cyo kwigisha ni ingenzi cyane mu gutunganya plate ya aluminiyumu zinc. Muri iki gihe, tugomba gusuzuma niba umunwa ukwiye gusimbuzwa, ihindagurika ry'inzira y'umuhanda n'ibindi bintu bigomba gukemurwa.
Isesengura rya laser ntabwo rica burundu uko isesengura rihagaze, isesengura rishobora kuboneka binyuze mu bihe bitandukanye bikurikira: iterambere ry’ingenzi ry’ihindagurika rigira ingaruka ku ireme ry’isesengura: guhitamo umutwe w’umunwa wa laser n’ubugari bw’icyuma gitunganya ntabwo bihuye; Umuvuduko w’umurongo ucana wa laser ni mwinshi cyane, dukeneye ubushobozi bwacu bwo kugenzura sisitemu y’imikorere kugira ngo tugabanye umuvuduko w’umurongo; Isuzuma ry’umunwa ntiryemerewe gutuma umurongo ugaragara ku mwanya wa laser. Ikosa ni rinini cyane, tugomba kongera gutangira kugira ngo tumenye amakuru y’isuzuma ry’umunwa, cyane cyane iyo gukata aluminiyumu ari byo bishobora gutuma umurongo usohoka.
6 gukata icyuma gito cya karuboni mu buryo budasanzwe. Iyi ntambwe izagira ingaruka ku bice by'ubuso bwo gukata irangizwa. Niba hari ibindi bipimo bisanzwe, ibi bikurikira bigomba kwitabwaho: UMUYOBORO w'umutwe wa laser uratakaye. Simbuza umutwe mu gihe. Mu gihe nta mutwe mushya wo gusimbuza agasanduku, hagomba kongera imicungire y'aho ukorera, umwuka unyura mu gitutu; Umugozi uri hagati y'umutwe n'umutwe wa laser uba urekuye. Muri iki gihe, tugomba guhita duhagarika gukata, tukareba uko umutwe wa laser uhagaze, hanyuma twongere dukore umuyoboro.
7. Rinda lenti kugira ngo ikore umwanda w'amazi mu gikorwa cyo gukata imashini zikoresha laser, umwuka w'inyongera ni ingenzi! Muri byo, ogisijeni na azote bikunze gukoreshwa mu gihugu cyacu. Birumvikana ko uko umwuka urushaho kuba mwiza, ni ko ubwiza bwo gukata burushaho kuba bwiza. Hari abakiriya benshi bashaka kuzigama ikiguzi cyo gukata umwuka, ariko buri gihe hari igihu kirinda lenti mu gihe cyo gukata, ubwiza bwo gukata ni bubi cyane, kuki?
Mbere na mbere, duhe uburyo bwo gukurura abantu bose, uruhare rwa gazi yunganira: 1. Gukurura ibisigazwa, kugira ngo tugere ku ngaruka nziza zo gukata. 2. Koresha gazi kugira ngo uhushye icyuma gishongeshejwe
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-28-2023
