Izizathu zokulenga kwe-slag phansi lapho umoya-mpilo usika insimbi yekhabhoni

Uma usika insimbi yekhabhoni nge-oxygen, i-slag ilenga phansi (unqenqema olungezansi lwendawo yokusika). Lesi yisenzakalo esivame kakhulu, esaziwa ngokomsebenzi ngokuthi “ukulenga i-slag” noma “ukunamathela kwe-slag”. Izakhi eziyinhloko zale slag ama-oxide anephuzu eliphezulu lokuncibilika kanye nokungcola, njenge-iron oxide nama-silicates, akhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokusika.Imbangela eyinhloko yokwakheka kwe-slag ukuthi izinga lokushisa kanye nokugeleza kwegesi emaphethelweni angezansi okusikiwe akwanele ukuqeda ngokuphelele ama-oxide ancibilikisiwe, okubangela ukuba aphole futhi anamathele phansi kokusikiwe.

Izizathu ezithile zingahlaziywa kusukela kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

Izilungiselelo zepharamitha zokusika ezingafanele (imbangela evame kakhulu)

1. Ukucindezela komoya-mpilo okusikayo akufanelekile:

• Ukucindezela okunganele: Amandla okuvunguza komfudlana wegesi awanele ukususa ngokuphelele i-slag encibilikisiwe phansi kwesinqunyiwe, okuholela ekuweni kwe-slag nokuqina kube yizinamathiselo ze-slag "ezifana namaqhubu".
• Ukucindezela okweqile: Nakuba ukugeleza kwegesi kuphezulu, kungabangela ukusika okubanzi kakhulu nokungajwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela wokupholisa womfudlana wegesi ungabangela ukuthi ingxenye engezansi yokusika iphole ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okuphumelelayo "kuvale" i-slag encibilikisiwe emaphethelweni.

2. Isivinini sokusika asifani:

• Ijubane lishesha kakhulu: ukugeleza komoya-mpilo kuyabambezeleka, futhi insimbi engezansi ayikwazi ukungcoliswa ngokuphelele futhi ishaywe umoya. Insimbi encibilikisiwe kanye ne-oxide okungakaphendulwa ngokuphelele kuyadonswa futhi kuqongelelwe phansi.
• Ijubane lihamba kancane kakhulu: ukusikwa kushiswe kakhulu, ukufakwa kokushisa kukhulu kakhulu, kukhiqizwa inani elikhulu le-slag, elidlula amandla okuvunguza kokugeleza komoya-mpilo, kanye nenani elikhulu lokuqongelela ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla adonsela phansi.

3. Izinga lamandla okushisa ilangabi ngaphambi kokushisa elingalungile:

• Ilangabi linamandla kakhulu (i-acetylene/igesi iningi kakhulu): unqenqema olungaphezulu lomgodi luyancibilika futhi ludilike, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okwengeziwe, kanti izinga lokushisa lonqenqema olungezansi lingase libe phezulu kakhulu, ukugeleza kwe-slag kuhle kakhulu, futhi akulula ukuliphephula.
• Ilangabi libuthakathaka kakhulu: alikwazi ukunikeza ukushisa okwanele ukugcina ukusabela kokusika kubheke epuletini elijiyile, okuholela ekungangeni ngokwanele kwe-oxidation yensimbi engezansi, kwakha i-slag enamathelayo okunzima ukuyiphephula.

izinkinga zokusika imishini kanye negesi

1. Inkinga yokusika umlomo:

• Imodeli ayifani: inombolo ye-nozzle yokusika incane kakhulu, futhi ukugeleza komoya-mpilo akwanele; inombolo ye-nozzle yokusika inkulu kakhulu, futhi ukugeleza komoya kuphazamisekile.
• Kuvinjiwe noma konakele: indlela yangaphakathi yomlomo wokusika (ikakhulukazi umgodi we-oxygen) iyabhajwa, igugile noma ivinjiwe kancane yizinhlayiya, okuholela ekuguqukeni kokugeleza kwe-oxygen (hhayi isilinda esimsulwa), ukuhlukana kabili, kanye nobuthakathaka bamandla okushaya kwe-slag.
• Ibanga elingafanele ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza: liphezulu kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kusengaphambili kuphansi, futhi ukuhamba komoya kuyasabalala; liphansi kakhulu, kulula ukuvimba umlomo wokusika futhi kubangele ukufudumala.

2. Ubumsulwa begesi kanye nokucindezela:

• Ukuhlanzeka okuphansi komoya-mpilo: umoya-mpilo wezimboni (ngokuvamile u-99.5%) uma uqukethe i-nitrogen nokunye ukungcola, kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokusabela kwe-oxidation, okuholela ekungcoleni okukhulu.

inkinga yezinto ezisikiwe

1. Ukwakheka kwezinto:lapho okuqukethwe yikhabhoni, i-silicon, i-manganese, i-phosphorus, i-sulfur nezinye izakhi ku-carbon steel kuphezulu:

• Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni: indawo yokusha iyathuthuka, ukugeleza kwayo kuyantuleka, kanti i-slag iyaqina.
• Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-silicon ne-manganese: kuzokwakha ama-silicate nama-manganate oxides anezinga eliphezulu lokuncibilika, aqinile futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuwaphephula.

2. Isimo somphezulu:Ukugqwala okukhulu, upende, isikhumba se-oxide noma umswakama ebusweni bepuleti lensimbi kuzomunca ukushisa, kuphazamise ukufudumala kwangaphambili, futhi kungenise ukungcola okwengeziwe echibini elincibilikisiwe, okwandisa inani kanye nokujiya kwe-slag.

3. Izinga lokushisa lezinto ezibonakalayo:Uma usika endaweni ebandayo, izinga lokushisa lokuqala lepuleti lensimbi liphansi, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kuyashesha, kanti ingxenye engezansi yesikeyi kulula ukuyipholisa futhi iqine.

Izinkinga Zobuchwepheshe Zokusebenza

1. I-engeli yethoshi:Ukwehluleka ukugcina umlomo wokusika uqonde ngqo ebusweni bomsebenzi ngesikhathi sokusika (lapho usika umugqa oqondile), noma ukulawulwa okungafanele kwenani elilandelanayo (lapho usika ugobile) kuzothinta indlela yokukhipha i-slag.

2. Ukusebenza okungazinzile:isivinini esingalingani kanye nokujikijela ngesikhathi sokusika okubanjwe ngesandla, okuholela enqubweni yokusika ngezikhathi ezithile.

Isixazululo kanye nesiphakamiso

1. Lungiselela amapharamitha okusika:

• Khetha inombolo efanele yomlomo wokusika ngokuya ngobukhulu bepuleti lensimbi, bese usetha ingcindezi ye-oxygen kanye nelangabi lokushisa kusengaphambili ngokuya ngethebula lamapharamitha okusika.
• Lungisa isivinini sokusika: yenza izinhlansi zokusika ezivela engxenyeni engezansi yesithombo ziqonde phansi (noma zibuyele emuva kancane), ngalesi sikhathi isivinini esifanele kakhulu.

2. Hlola futhi unakekele imishini:

• Hlanza noma ushintshe umlomo wokusika ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umoya uhamba kahle futhi unesimo esijwayelekile.
• Hlola ipayipi legesi kanye nevalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingcindezi izinzile nokuthi ubumsulwa be-oxygen busezingeni elifanele.
• Gcina ukuphakama kwe-nozzle yokusika okufanele (ngokuvamile cishe u-1/10 wobukhulu bepuleti lensimbi, bese ubheka imiyalelo yemishini).

3. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwezingxenye zokusebenza:

• Susa ukugqwala, upende kanye nokungcola eduze komugqa wokusika ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ezindaweni ezibandayo, kungacatshangwa ukuthi kufudunyezwe insimbi endaweni ethile.

4. Thuthukisa amakhono okusebenza:

• Gcina ukunyakaza kokusika okubushelelezi nokufanayo.
• Kumapuleti aminyene noma izinto okunzima ukuzisika, ukuthambekela kancane phambili (ikhanda lomlomo wokusika lithambekele ohlangothini lokunyakaza) kungasetshenziswa ukusiza ekuqhumeni i-slag, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu kungabangela ukuthambekela okuthile kokusikwa.

Isifinyezo

I-slag elenga phansi ngokuvamile ayibangelwa yimbangela eyodwa. Ungenza ukuxazulula izinkinga okuhlelekile ngokulandelana kwe-Amapharamitha> Imishini> Izinto Ezisetshenziswayo> Imisebenzi. Ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu kuvame ukusika ingcindezi ye-oxygen, isivinini sokusika kanye nesimo se-nozzle yokusika.Ngokulungisa kahle, kungenzeka ukulawula i-slag elengayo ngezinga lokuthi incane kakhulu noma kulula ukuyisusa. Uma i-slag ikhiqizwe, ngokuvamile ngesando, i-angle grinder namanye amathuluzi kungasuswa kalula.