Yintoni isizathu sokuncamathela kwe-slag kunye nokuvala umlomo ngexesha lokusika nge-laser?

Yingxaki eqhelekileyo ukuvala umlomo nge-slag xa kusikwa nge-laser, nto leyo edla ngokubangelwa kukudibana kwezinto ezininzi. Ezi zilandelayo zezona zizathu ziphambili kunye nohlalutyo olucwangcisiweyo:

Uhlalutyo lwesizathu esingundoqo

1. Ingxaki yegesi eyongezelelweyo

• Uxinzelelo lomoya olunganelanga: Uxinzelelo lwegesi alwanelanga ukuvuthuza inkunkuma ngempumelelo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inkunkuma itshizeke phezulu ize inamathele eludongeni olungaphakathi lwe-nozzle.
• Uhlobo lwegesi olungcolileyo/olungachanekanga: Xa usika intsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye i-aluminium enomoya ocinezelweyo oqulethe umswakama okanye ukungcola, kulula ukuvelisa i-oxidation reaction kwaye yenze i-slag ekrakra. Akukho oxygen isetyenziswayo xa usika intsimbi yekhabhoni (inkxaso yokutsha), okanye i-nitrogen ecocekileyo kakhulu ayisetyenziswa xa usika intsimbi engagqwaliyo/i-aluminium (ukhuseleko lwe-oxidation).
• Ukuhamba kwegesi akuzinzanga: inkqubo yokubonelela ngegesi iyavuza, umbhobho mde kakhulu, okanye ivalvu yokulawula uxinzelelo lwegesi iyasilela.

2. Iiparameter zezinto kunye neenkqubo azihambelani

Imiba yezinto eziphathekayo:

• Umphezulu ugqunywe, ugqwalile okanye unamafutha.
• Ukwakheka kwezinto ezingalinganiyo (umz. umxholo ophezulu we-silicon kwii-alloys ze-aluminium).
• Ipleyiti ityebile kakhulu kwaye idlula umda wezixhobo.

Useto lweparameter olungalunganga:

• Amandla aphantsi kakhulu/isantya sicotha kakhulu: ukungabi namandla aneleyo, ukungapheleli komphunga wezinto, ukwakheka kwe-slag ekrakra.
• Indawo yokugxila iphantsi kakhulu: Ukugxila kuphezulu kakhulu okanye kuphantsi kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuxinana kwamandla okunganelanga kunye nokusikwa okunganelanga.
• Iiparameter zokugqobhoza ezingalunganga: ukutshiza kwe-slag kakhulu ngexesha lokugqobhoza, ukugqobhoza okuqhubekayo okanye ukhuseleko lokulibaziseka alwamkelwa.

3. Izixhobo kunye nesimo se-nozzle

• Ukonakala okanye ukuguguleka kwempumlo: umngxuma wempumlo uba mkhulu, uphazamiseke okanye udonga lwangaphakathi lurhabaxa, nto leyo ebangela ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba komoya.
• Umgama ongafanelekanga phakathi kwe-nozzle kunye nepleyiti: umgama mkhulu kakhulu (ukusasazwa kwegesi) okanye mncinci kakhulu (kulula ukungqubana kunye ne-slag yokutshiza).
• Ungcoliseko lwenkqubo ye-Optical: ungcoliseko lwelensi olugxile lubangela ukwahluka kwemitha kunye nokuncipha koxinano lwamandla.
• Ukusilela kwenkqubo yokupholisa: Intloko yelaser ishushu kakhulu, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho wemitha kunye nozinzo lwegesi.

4. Izinto eziphathelele imeko-bume kunye nokusebenza

• Uthuli oluphakathi: umgangatho womoya ophantsi kwindawo yokusebenzela, kwaye uthuli lungena kwimpumlo kunye nokuhamba komoya.
• Ulandelelwano lokusika olungenangqiqo: ukusika okuqhubekayo kwemingxunya emincinci, iikona ezibukhali kunye nezinye iindawo, ukuqokelelana kobushushu.

Uphando olucwangcisiweyo kunye nesisombululo

Inyathelo 1: Jonga inkqubo yegesi

• Sebenzisa igeyiji yoxinzelelo ukujonga ukuba uxinzelelo lomoya kwindawo yokukhupha i-nozzle luyahlangabezana na neemfuno zezinto eziphathekayo (umzekelo, kufuneka i-1.2-1.5Bar xa kusikwa intsimbi yekhabhoni eyi-8mm).
• Jonga ubunyulu bomthombo wegesi: ubunyulu benitrogen buya kuba≥99.99 (ukusika intsimbi engagqwaliyo), kwaye ubunyulu beoksijini buya kuba≥99.95 (ukusika intsimbi yekhabhoni).
• Jonga ukuba umbhobho womoya ugobile okanye uyavuza na, kwaye nokuba isihluzo kufuneka sitshintshwe na.

Inyathelo lesi-2: Lungiselela iiparameter zenkqubo

• Lungisa amandla kunye nesantya: jonga kwitheyibhile yepharamitha yobukhulu bezinto ukuze ujonge ukusika kunye nokulinganisa. Umzekelo: ukusika intsimbi engagqwaliyo eyi-2mm, amandla acetyiswayo yi-1500W, isantya yi-25 m/min, kwaye uxinzelelo lwe-nitrogen yi-1.5Bar.
• Uqwalaselo olulinganisiweyo: Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwekhuphoni yoqwalaselo ukuze ufumane indawo engcono yoqwalaselo (ngesiqhelo yi-1/3 ubukhulu ngaphantsi komphezulu wezinto).
• Ukugqobhoka okulungiselelweyo: ipleyiti etyebileyo isebenzisa ukugqobhoka okuqhubekayo, kwaye ukuvuthela okulibazisayo kwemizuzwana eyi-0.5-1 kuyamiselwa.

Inyathelo lesi-3: Ukugcinwa kwezixhobo

• Tshintsha umlomo: jonga ukuba umngxuma womlomo ungqukuva na, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucoceke ngaphambi kokutshintsha ngakunye, kwaye utshintshe umlomo oqhelekileyo rhoqo emva kweeyure ezingama-40.
• Coca inkqubo yokukhanya: Sula iilensi rhoqo nge-ethanol epheleleyo (jonga yonke imihla).
• Linganisa i-height sensor: qinisekisa ukuba umgama phakathi kwe-nozzle kunye nepleyiti awuguquki (ngesiqhelo yi-0.8-1.5mm).

Inyathelo lesi-4: Ulawulo lweZixhobo kunye neMisebenzi

• Coca umphezulu wephepha ngaphambi kokuba usike.
• Yongeza iilead xa ucwangcisa ukuze uphephe ukungqubana ngqo ngaphakathi kwezinto.
• Sebenzisa izinto zokugquma ezingakhanyisiyo okanye iintloko zokusika ezikhethekileyo kwizixhobo ezikhanyisayo kakhulu (ezifana nobhedu kunye ne-aluminium).

Uluhlu lwamanyathelo okuthintela

1. Itshekhi yemihla ngemihla: uxinzelelo lwegesi, ukucoceka kwelensi, ukuguguleka kwemilomo.

2. Ulondolozo lweveki nganye:coca isihluzo somoya uze ulinganise ukuphakama kwentloko yokusika.

3. Ulawulo lweParameter: misela isiseko sedatha seeparameter zezinto, kwaye wenze uvavanyo lokusika ngaphambi kokusika iipleyiti ezinkulu.

4. Ulawulo lokusingqongileyo: Indawo yokusebenzela ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokususa uthuli ukugcina ubushushu obuzinzileyo kunye nokufuma (ubushushu obungama-25±5 ℃, ukufuma <60%).

Unyango olukhawulezileyo olungxamisekileyo

Ukuba kwenzeke i-gag:

• 1. Yima kancinci ukusika uze ucoce umlomo.
• 2. Jonga umgangatho wesithuba: ukuba icandelo lirhabaxa kwaye kukho i-slag, lungisa iiparameters phambi kokuba uqhubeke.
• 3. Ixesha elifutshane lingasetyenziselwa ukucoca inaliti ekhethekileyo, nzulu xa utshintsha umlomo kwaye ujonge ilensi.

Ngophando olucwangcisiweyo olungentla, ngaphezulu kwe-90% yengxaki yokunamathela kwenkunkuma kunye nokufakwa kweplagi inokusonjululwa. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukugcina uzinzo lwezixhobo, ubumsulwa begesi kunye nokuhambelana kweeparameter. Kucetyiswa ukuba kusekwe irekhodi yolondolozo lokuthintela ukunciphisa ukusilela okuvela kumthombo.