Imiphetho eshisiwe kanye nokukhanya okungavamile (ngokuvamile kubhekisela ezinhlansini ezingavamile noma ukukhanya kwe-slag ngaphansi kokusika) kuyizinkinga ezivamile ekusikeni kwe-laser yensimbi. Ngokuvamile kubonisa izinqubo zokusika ezingazinzile noma ukufaka amandla ngokweqile, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekuncibilikeni. Ngezansi kunesiqondiso esilula, sesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuxilonga nokuxazulula inkinga.
I. Izimbangela Eziyinhloko
Imiphetho eshile kanye nesiqu esikhanyayo esingavamile ngenxa yokufaka ukushisa ngokweqile noma ukushabalalisa ukushisa okunganele. Izimbangela ezithile zifaka:
1. Izinkinga Zegesi (Ezivame Kakhulu)
- Umfutho wegesi onganele: Amagesi asizayo (O₂, N₂, umoya) awakwazi ukuphefumula insimbi encibilikisiwe ngokushesha, okubangela ukwakheka kwama-slag kanye nokusha okuqhubekayo.
- Ubumsulwa obuphansi begesi: I-N₂ engcolile (isb., ene-O₂) yensimbi engagqwali/i-aluminium ibangela ukubola, okuholela ekushiseni okukhulu nasekushiseni.
- Uhlobo lwegesi olungalungile: Sebenzisa i-O₂ yensimbi yekhabhoni (esiza ekushiseni) kanye ne-N₂ emsulwa kakhulu yensimbi engagqwali (ivimbela ukungcoliswa).
2. Amaphutha Epharamitha Yenqubo
- Amandla e-laser amaningi: Izinto ezincibilikisa kakhulu.
- Isivinini sokusika esihamba kancane: Kwenza kube lula ukuchayeka nge-laser, okubangela ukunqwabelana kokushisa.
- Indawo yokugxila engalungile: Yehlisa ukuminyana kwamandla, yandisa ukusika, futhi yandisa izindawo ezithinteke ukushisa.
- Izinkinga ze-nozzle: Usayizi we-nozzle ongalingani, ukuphakama okungafanele, noma umonakalo kuphazamisa ukuhamba kwegesi.
3. Izinkinga Zemishini/Ezisetshenziswayo
- Amalensi angcolile (amalensi okuvikela/okugxila): Yehlisa amandla e-laser, okuphoqa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu (kwenza ukushisa kube kubi kakhulu).
- I-nozzle engaqondile kahle: Ukugeleza kwegesi akulingana, kwehluleka ukususa i-slag ngempumelelo.
4. Izinkinga Zezinto Ezibalulekile
- Uwoyela, ukugqwala, noma ukumbozwa kwezinto: Shisa ngesikhathi sokusika, okudala ukushisa okwengeziwe.
- Ukwakheka kwezinto: Izinsimbi ezibonisa ukukhanya okuphezulu/ukushisa (Al, Cu) zidinga izilungiselelo ezithile zamapharamitha.
II. Izixazululo Zesinyathelo Ngesinyathelo
Landela lolu hlelo ukuze uxazulule izinkinga (qala ngezinkinga ezilula nezivame kakhulu):
Isinyathelo 1:Hlola futhi ulungise izilungiselelo zegesi (Okubaluleke Kakhulu)
1. Ukucindezela Kwegesi
- Insimbi yekhabhoni (O₂): Lungisa izincomo zomenzi (ukucindezela okunganele kuvame ukubangela ukusha).
- Insimbi engagqwali/i-aluminium (N₂/Ar): Khulisa ingcindezi ibe yi-1.0–2.0 MPa (noma ngaphezulu, ngokusekelwe ekujiyeni) – ingcindezi ephezulu ibalulekile ekususeni insimbi encibilikisiwe.
- Hlola imigqa yegesi: Hlola ukuvuza, ukuvaleka, noma umfutho ophansi wesilinda.
2. Ukuhlanzeka kwegesi kanye nohlobo
- Insimbi engagqwali: Sebenzisa i-N₂ enobumsulwa obungu-≥99.9%.
- Insimbi yekhabhoni: Sebenzisa i-O₂ yezinga lezimboni.
- I-Aluminium: Sebenzisa i-N₂ ehlanzekile kakhulu noma umoya ocindezelwe.
3. Ukulungiswa Kwe-Nozzle
- Khetha usayizi ofanele: Izinto ezijiyile zidinga ama-nozzles amakhulu (isb., φ2.0mm/φ3.0mm).
- Faka i-nozzle entsha, engonakalanga (ama-nozzle amadala angase abe nezimbobo ezikhubazekile).
- Linganisa ukuphakama: Qinisekisa ukuthi ibanga liyi-0.5–1.5mm ukusuka ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo (sebenzisa ukulinganisa okuzenzakalelayo uma kutholakala).
Isinyathelo 2:Lungiselela Amapharamitha Okusika
1. Isivinini Sokusika:Khulisa isivinini (ngaphakathi kwebanga eliqinisekisa ukungena okugcwele) ukuze unciphise ukufakwa kokushisa. Gwema ukusheshisa ngokweqile (kubangela ukusika okungaphelele).
2. Amandla e-Laser:Yehlisa amandla kancane (ibhalansi nokulungiswa kwesivinini).
3. Indawo Yokugxila:
- -Bheka incwadi yemiyalelo yemishini ukuthola izindawo ezinconywayo (ngokwezinto/ukujiya).
- Hlola izindawo (-2mm kuya ku-+2mm) ukuze uthole leyo enokusika okubushelelezi kakhulu, okungenazinhlayiya.
4. Imodi Yokushaya:Uma unezinsimbi ezincane noma unezinkinga zokushisa ngokweqile, shintsha kusuka ku-laser eqhubekayo uye kumodi ye-pulse (kuvumela izikhawu ezimfushane zokupholisa).
Isinyathelo 3:Hlola Imishini
- Amalensi Ahlanzekile: Hlanza njalo amalensi avikelayo/agxilile; shintsha awonakele.
- Hlola Ukuqondana Kwemisebe: Cela ochwepheshe baqinisekise ukuthi umsebe we-laser uyaphuma yini enkabeni ye-nozzle (ukungalingani kudinga ukulinganiswa).
Isinyathelo 4:Lungisa Izinto Zokusebenza
Hlanza uwoyela, ukugqwala, noma upende ebusweni bezinto ngaphambi kokusika.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokuxazulula Izinkinga Ngokushesha
1. Okubaluleke Kakhulu (iGesi)
- Ingabe umfutho wegesi wanele? (Khulisa umfutho we-N₂ wensimbi engagqwali!)
- Ingabe kusetshenziswa uhlobo lwegesi olufanele? (O₂ yensimbi yekhabhoni, i-N₂ ehlanzekile kakhulu yensimbi engagqwali)
- Ingabe i-nozzle entsha/ayilimele? Ingabe ukuphakama kwayo kulinganisiwe?
2. Okubaluleke Kakhulu Kwesibili (Amapharamitha)
- Ingabe ijubane lokusika lihamba kancane kakhulu? (Zama ukulikhulisa)
- Ingabe amandla e-laser aphezulu kakhulu? (Zama ukuwehlisa)
- Ingabe indawo yokugxila ilungile? (Hlola izindawo)
- Ingabe ingasetshenziswa imodi ye-pulse?
3. Okubaluleke Kakhulu Kwesithathu (Imishini/Izinto Ezisetshenziswayo)
- Ingabe amalensi ahlanzekile?
- -Ingabe indawo engaphandle ihlanzekile?
Izinkinga eziningi ezibangelwa ukushiswa komoya zingaxazululwa ngezinyathelo ezingenhla. Uma izinkinga ziqhubeka, xhumana nomkhiqizi wemishini yakho ukuze uthole ukwesekwa kwezinto/idivayisi ethile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-06-2025
