Gefunan da suka ƙone da kuma walƙiya mara kyau (yawanci suna nufin tartsatsin wuta ko walƙiyar da ba a saba gani ba a ƙarƙashin yankewa) matsaloli ne da suka zama ruwan dare a yanke laser na ƙarfe. Yawanci suna nuna hanyoyin yankewa marasa ƙarfi ko shigar da kuzari mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da ƙonewa da narkewa. A ƙasa akwai jagorar mataki-mataki mai sauƙi don gano matsalar da kuma magance ta.
I. Muhimman Dalilai
Gefunan da suka ƙone da kuma walƙiya mara kyau suna faruwa ne sakamakon yawan zafin da ke shiga ko kuma rashin isasshen zubar zafi. Wasu dalilai na musamman sun haɗa da:
1. Matsalolin Iskar Gas (Mafi Yawa)
- Rashin isasshen matsin lamba na iskar gas: Iskar gas mai taimako (O₂, N₂, iska) ba ta iya hura narkakken ƙarfe nan take, wanda ke haifar da taruwar tarkace da kuma ci gaba da ƙonewa.
- Tsabtataccen iskar gas: Tsabtataccen N₂ (misali, tare da O₂) na bakin karfe/aluminum yana haifar da iskar shaka, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin zafi da ƙonewa.
- Nau'in iskar gas mara kyau: Yi amfani da O₂ don ƙarfen carbon (yana taimakawa ƙonewa) da kuma N₂ mai tsarki ga bakin ƙarfe (yana hana iskar shaka).
2. Kurakurai na Sigar Tsarin Aiki
- Ƙarfin Laser mai yawa: Kayan da ke narkewa fiye da kima.
- Saurin yankewa a hankali: Yana tsawaita fallasa laser, yana haifar da tarin zafi.
- Matsayin mayar da hankali mara daidai: Yana rage yawan kuzari, yana faɗaɗa yankewa, kuma yana faɗaɗa yankunan da zafi ke shafar su.
- Matsalolin bututun ƙarfe: Girman bututun ƙarfe mara daidai, tsayin da bai dace ba, ko lalacewa yana kawo cikas ga kwararar iskar gas.
3. Matsalolin Kayan Aiki/Amfani
- Gilashin da suka gurɓata (gilashin kariya/mayar da hankali): Rage ƙarfin laser, wanda ke tilasta amfani da wutar lantarki mai yawa (yana ƙara ta'azzara ƙonewa).
- Bakin bututun iskar gas ba daidai ba ne: Guduwar iskar gas ba ta daidaita ba, ba ta iya cire tarkacen da kyau ba.
4. Matsalolin Asali
- Mai, tsatsa, ko shafa a saman abu: Konewa yayin yankewa, yana haifar da ƙarin zafi.
- Kayan aiki: Karfe masu ƙarfin haske/zafin lantarki (Al, Cu) suna buƙatar takamaiman saitunan sigogi.
II. Magani Mataki-mataki
Bi wannan tsari don magance matsala (fara da mafi sauƙi, mafi yawan matsaloli):
Mataki na 1:Duba & Inganta Saitunan Gas (Mafi fifiko)
1. Matsi na Iskar Gas
- Karfe mai amfani da carbon (O₂): Daidaita da shawarwarin masana'anta (rashin isasshen matsin lamba sau da yawa yana haifar da ƙonewa).
- Bakin ƙarfe/aluminum (N₂/Ar): Ƙara matsin lamba zuwa 1.0–2.0 MPa (ko sama da haka, bisa ga kauri) - matsin lamba mai yawa shine mabuɗin cire ƙarfe mai narkewa.
- Duba layukan iskar gas: Duba ko akwai ɓuɓɓuga, toshewa, ko kuma ƙarancin matsin lamba a cikin silinda.
2. Tsarkakewar Iskar Gas & Nau'i
- Bakin Karfe: Yi amfani da N₂ mai tsarki ≥99.9%.
- Karfe mai amfani da carbon: Yi amfani da O₂ mai daraja a masana'antu.
- Aluminum: Yi amfani da tsafta mai ƙarfi N₂ ko iska mai matsewa.
3. Kula da bututun ruwa
- Zaɓi girman da ya dace: Kayayyaki masu kauri suna buƙatar manyan bututun ƙarfe (misali, φ2.0mm/φ3.0mm).
- A maye gurbinsa da sabon bututun da ba shi da lahani (tsoffin bututun na iya samun ramuka masu nakasa).
- Daidaita tsayi: Tabbatar da nisan 0.5–1.5mm daga saman kayan (yi amfani da daidaitawa ta atomatik idan akwai).
Mataki na 2:Inganta Sigogi na Yankewa
1. Saurin Yankewa:Ƙara gudu (a cikin kewayon da ke tabbatar da cikakken shiga) don rage shigar zafi. Guji yawan gudu (yana haifar da yankewa mara cikakke).
2. Ƙarfin Laser:Ƙara ƙarfin lantarki kaɗan (daidaitawa tare da daidaita saurin gudu).
3. Matsayin Mai da Hankali:
- - Duba littafin kayan aiki don ganin matsayin da aka ba da shawarar (ta hanyar kayan aiki/kauri).
- Gwada matsayin (-2mm zuwa +2mm) don nemo wanda ya fi santsi, ba tare da yankewa ba.
4. Yanayin Bugawa:Ga ƙananan ƙarfe ko matsalolin zafi fiye da kima, canza daga ci gaba da laser zuwa yanayin bugun jini (yana ba da damar ɗan gajeren lokacin sanyaya).
Mataki na 3:Duba Kayan Aiki
- Ruwan tabarau masu tsafta: A riƙa tsaftace ruwan tabarau masu kariya/masu mayar da hankali akai-akai; a maye gurbin ruwan tabarau masu lalacewa.
- Duba Daidaito na Haske: A tabbatar da cewa hasken laser ya fita daga tsakiyar bututun ƙarfe (ba daidaito ba yana buƙatar daidaitawa).
Mataki na 4:Shirya Kayan Aiki
Tsaftace mai, tsatsa, ko shafi daga saman kayan kafin a yanke.
Jerin Binciken Shirya Matsaloli Mai Sauri
1. Muhimmanci na Farko (Gas)
- Shin matsin lamba na gas ya isa? (Ƙara matsin lamba na N₂ don bakin ƙarfe!)
- Shin nau'in iskar gas da aka yi amfani da shi daidai ne? (O₂ don ƙarfe na carbon, tsarkin N₂ don bakin ƙarfe)
- Shin bututun bututun ya lalace/ba shi da lahani? Shin an daidaita tsayin?
2. Fifiko na Biyu (Sigogi)
- Shin saurin yankewa yana da jinkiri sosai? (Gwada ƙara shi)
- Shin ƙarfin laser ɗin ya yi yawa? (Gwada rage shi)
- Shin matsayin da aka mayar da hankali daidai ne? (Matsayin gwaji)
- Za a iya amfani da yanayin bugun zuciya?
3. Fifiko na Uku (Kayan Aiki/Kayan Aiki)
- Shin ruwan tabarau suna da tsabta?
- - Shin saman kayan yana da tsabta?
Ana iya magance yawancin matsalolin da suka shafi gefen da suka ƙone ta hanyar matakan da ke sama. Idan matsaloli suka ci gaba, tuntuɓi masana'antar kayan aikin ku don neman tallafin kayan aiki/na'ura na musamman.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-06-2025
