Uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cy'icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bikata laser

Ingufu ziterwa n'icyuma gica icyuma cya laser ni ikibazo gisanzwe mu mikorere, ibi bikaba bigaragaza ko inzira yo gukata idakora neza. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke mu buryo buboneye, ni ngombwa kugenzura no guhindura ibintu mu buryo butandukanye nko mu bikoresho, ibikoresho, ibipimo by'imikorere n'imyuka y'inyongera.

Icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cyo kunoza imikorere n'ingamba zihariye

1. Kunoza ibipimo by'imikorere (ku byuma bya karuboni n'ibindi bikoresho)

• Ingufu za laser: Ingufu zidahagije ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera gushonga. Kongera ingufu neza bishobora gutuma icyuma gishonga neza. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko imbaraga nyinshi zishobora gutuma isahani ishya cyangwa igakama.
• Umuvuduko wo gukata: Umuvuduko ni mwinshi cyane, ingufu za laser ntizihagije, ibikoresho ntibishongeshwa burundu, kandi bizahuhwa n'umwuka; niba umuvuduko ugenda buhoro cyane, gutwika bizaba bikomeye kandi slag izafatana. Hindura umuvuduko mwiza ujyanye n'imbaraga n'ubugari bwa plate. Ubusanzwe ushobora kubanza kugerageza ibipimo. Aho uherereye: Kutareba neza bizatera ubucucike budahagije bw'ingufu. Gerageza gupima kugira ngo ubone aho ukwiriye ubunini bwa plate (ubusanzwe iyo ukata icyuma cya karuboni, icyo ureba kiba kiri hejuru y'icyuma cyangwa munsi gato y'icyo gikoresho).

2. Menya neza ko gazi y'inyongera iri mu mimerere myiza (ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane)

• Ubwoko bwa gazi n'ubuziranenge:
• Gukata icyuma cya karuboni: Ogisijeni ifite isuku nyinshi (≥ 99.95%) igomba gukoreshwa. Ogisijeni igira uruhare mu mikorere ya exothermic, igafasha gutwika no gukurura ibishingwe. Isuku idahagije igira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bw'ibyiciro by'ibyiciro n'urwego rwa okiside.

Gukata icyuma kitagira umwanda na aluminiyumu: ni ngombwa gukoresha azote ifite ubuziranenge bwinshi (≥ 99.99%) cyangwa argon. Koresha umwuka ufite umuvuduko mwinshi kugira ngo uhuhe icyuma gishongeshejwe kugira ngo ucike nta ogisijeni. Iyo gaze yanduye izatera ubushyuhe hasi.

• Umuvuduko wa gaze:
• Gukata icyuma cya karuboni (hamwe na ogisijeni): umuvuduko ntugomba kuba mwinshi cyane (ubusanzwe ni 0.8-2 bar). Umuvuduko ukabije uzakonjesha incision, ariko ukagabanya imikorere y'uburyo bwo gutwika, ndetse no kurema kwa burrs.
• Gukata icyuma kitagira umugese/aluminium (harimo azote): Umuvuduko ugomba kuba uri hejuru bihagije (ubusanzwe ni 10-20 bar, bitewe n'ubugari bw'icyuma). Umuvuduko udahagije ni yo mpamvu ikunze gutuma gukata bidakoreshejwe burr, kandi icyuma cyashongeshejwe ntigishobora gutwarwa burundu.
• Imiterere y'akazuru:
• Reba neza ko umunwa w'amazi utangiritse cyangwa ngo ufungwe n'amazi. Umunwa w'amazi washaje ushobora gutera umuyaga uhindagurika.
• Genzura niba umurambararo w'umwobo w'umunwa uhuye n'ubugari bw'ikibaho n'umuvuduko wa gaze. Ubusanzwe amasahani manini aba akeneye utuzu duto duto.
• Gereranya uburyo umutwe w'umunwa n'umutwe wa laser uhagaze. Guhindagurika kw'uburyo umwuka uhagaze bizatuma umwuka uhuha kandi utange uduce duto ku ruhande rumwe.

3. Kugenzura no kubungabunga imiterere y'ibikoresho

• Gusukura indorerwamo z'urumuri: kurinda indorerwamo, guhumeka indorerwamo bizagabanya cyane imbaraga za laser n'ubwiza bw'imirasire. Reba buri gihe kandi usukure cyangwa usimbuze indorerwamo.
• Ubwiza bw'umurabyo: kugenzura imirasire buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe ko inzira y'urumuri ari nziza kandi ko icyerekezo cyayo kizungurutse.
• Ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho: Reba niba inzira y'amashanyarazi n'uburyo bwo kohereza ibikoresho by'imashini bihamye, kandi niba hari uduce duto duto tuzakorwa iyo tunyeganyega ku muvuduko mwinshi.

4. Ibande ku bikoresho ubwabyo

• Ubuso bw'urupapuro: Menya neza ko ubuso bw'urupapuro budafite ingese, irangi cyangwa irangi rikomeye, ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku buryo laser ifata ndetse no ku buryo ifata neza.
• Imiterere n'ubwiza bw'ibikoresho: imiterere mibi cyangwa iy'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gishobora gutera ihindagurika ry'ingaruka zo gukata.

Ibibazo byihariye ku bibazo bya Burr mu bikoresho bitandukanye

• Icyuma cya karuboni (gukata ogisijeni): igice cyo hasi cy'icyuma gikomereye kandi gihindagurika cyane. Cyane cyane gituruka ku isuku ya ogisijeni, aho ishyirwa, n'umuvuduko w'ingufu.
• Isahani ya aluminiyumu itagira umwanda (gukata azote): uduce two hasi ahanini tuba tworoheje kandi turekure tudapfutse. Igikorwa cya mbere ni ukureba niba umuvuduko wa azote uri hejuru bihagije, niba umwuka ari mwiza, kandi niba umunwa ukwiriye.

Inama ku buryo buhamye bwo gukemura ibibazo

1. Kwandika no kongeramo:Andika ubwoko bwa plate ya burr iriho ubu, ubunini, n'ibipimo byose by'imikorere (ingufu, umuvuduko, umuvuduko w'umwuka, kwibandaho, ubwoko bw'umunwa) mu buryo burambuye.

2. Guhindura ibintu bimwe:Hindura parametero imwe gusa icyarimwe (birasabwa gutangirana n'umuvuduko wa gaze n'aho ushyira imbaraga mbere) kugira ngo ugereranye igerageza.

3. Kuva ku gukemura ibibazo byoroshye kugeza ku bigoye:

• Intambwe ya 1: Reba kandi usukure umutwe n'ikirahuri.
• Intambwe ya 2: Reba ubuziranenge bw'umwuka n'umuvuduko wawo.
• Intambwe ya 3: Kunoza aho ushyira ibitekerezo.
• Intambwe ya 4: Hindura uburyo imbaraga n'umuvuduko bihuye.
• Intambwe ya 5: gupima inzira y'urumuri n'uburyo igikoresho gihagaze.

4. Shyiraho isomero risanzwe ry’ibipimo:Iyo hamaze kuboneka ibipimo byiza ku byapa by’ibirango bitandukanye, ubunini n’ibikoresho, bizafatwa nk’amajwi kugira ngo bibe amabwiriza asanzwe agenga imikorere.

Incamake:Ishingiro ryo gukemura ikibazo cy’ingufu zica imirasire ya laser ni “gushyira ingufu zihagije mu kirere, no gukorana n’icyerekezo gihamye, cyiza kandi gikwiye cy’umwuka kugira ngo uhumeke amazi mu gihe gikwiye”. Ni ikibazo gisanzwe gisaba ko umukoresha agira kwihangana no gukora ubushakashatsi buhoro buhoro no kunoza binyuze mu buryo bwa siyansi. Iyo intambwe zose zavuzwe haruguru zigenzuwe kandi ikibazo kigakomeza nyuma yo guhindurwa, ugomba kuvugana n’uruganda rukora ibikoresho kugira ngo urebe niba uburyo bwo gutanga ingufu za laser cyangwa urumuri bwarahindutse.