Nthawi yosankha focus yoyipa podula laser

"Kuyang'ana kolakwika" (komwe kumadziwikanso kuti "kuyang'ana kotsika" kapena "kuyang'ana mkati mwa mbale") kwa makina odulira laser ndi njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yosinthira malo owunikira a laser. Mwachidule, kuyang'ana kolakwika kumatanthauza kukhazikitsa kuyang'ana kwa laser pansi pa pamwamba pa chinthu chomwe chiyenera kudulidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuyang'ana kolakwika kumadalira kwambiri mfundo ndi zolinga zotsatirazi: Pamene kuyang'ana kuli mkati mwa chinthucho, kukula kwa dothi la mtanda pamwamba pa chinthucho kudzakhala kwakukulu ndipo kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kudzachepa pang'ono. Komabe, izi ndizopindulitsa nthawi zina chifukwa zimapangitsa njira yowunikira yopapatiza, yomwe ndi yopindulitsa:

1. Kutuluka kwa slag:Kudula kwakukulu kumalola mpweya wothandiza (monga mpweya ndi nayitrogeni) kutulutsa chitsulo chosungunuka bwino kuti chisapachike.

2. Pezani khalidwe labwino la gawo:Pazinthu zokhuthala, zimatha kudula molunjika komanso mosalala.

3. Tetezani lenzi:Kuyang'ana pansi kungalepheretse kuphulika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kudula kuti kusabwererenso mwachindunji ku lens yoyang'ana.

Kodi muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito liti poganizira molakwika (chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito)

1. Kudula zitsulo zokhuthala (makamaka chitsulo cha kaboni)

• Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito poyang'ana molakwika.
• Chifukwa: Mukadula mbale zokhuthala, nthawi yogwira ntchito imafunika mphamvu zambiri kuti musungunule makulidwe onse. Kugwiritsa ntchito negative coke (nthawi zambiri 1/3 mpaka 1/2 ya makulidwe a mbale) kumatha kukulitsa m'lifupi mwa gawo lapamwamba la chodulidwacho, kotero kuti mpweya (podula carbon steel) ukhoza kulowa bwino pansi pa chodulidwacho, kusunga okosijeni okwanira exothermic reaction, ndikuchotsa bwino slag. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito positive focus kapena zero focus (yang'anani pamwamba kapena pamwamba), gawo lapamwamba la chodulidwacho ndi lopapatiza kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kudula kosawoneka bwino pansi, kuphatika kwa slag yayikulu komanso gawo lovuta.
• Chidziwitso cha zomwe zinachitika: Mukadula mbale zachitsulo cha kaboni zoposa 6mm, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito negative coke.
• Pamene makulidwe akuwonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa kulunjika kolakwika (kuya kwa kulunjika mu chinthucho) kuyenera kuwonjezeka moyenerera. Mwachitsanzo, kudula chitsulo cha kaboni cha 20mm, malo olunjika akhoza kuyikidwa 3-5mm pansi pa pamwamba.

2. Kufunafuna gawo lodula lapamwamba kwambiri

• Ngati pali zofunikira kwambiri kuti zikhale zowongoka, zosalala komanso zodula zopanda matope, ngakhale pazinthu zokhuthala pang'ono, kuyang'ana pang'ono koyipa kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti mpweya uyende bwino komanso kugawa mphamvu.

3. Pochita opaleshoni yoboola

• Pofuna kupewa kuphulika kwa slag komwe kumachitika kutentha kwambiri panthawi yobowola kuti kusamawononge lenzi, nthawi zambiri kumayang'ana kwambiri kumayang'ana kwambiri ku bowola (mphamvu yochepa komanso malo akuya), kenako kumayang'ana kumasinthidwa kuti kugwirizane ndi malo ofunikira odulira pambuyo poti bowolo latha.

Pamene simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolakwika

1. Dulani pepala (nthawi zambiri <3mm)

• Chifukwa: kudula mbale yopyapyala kufunafuna liwiro ndi kulondola. Kugwiritsa ntchito zero focus kapena pang'ono positive focus kumalola malo ochepa kwambiri komanso mphamvu yokhazikika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma kerfs akhale ochepa, liwiro lofulumira komanso kudula pang'ono.

2. Mukamachita makina olondola kwambiri

• Chifukwa: Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti malo ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso kuti zinthu zikhale zolondola kwambiri, nthawi zambiri chinthucho chimakhala pamwamba pa chinthucho (zero focus).

3. Mukagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni kudula chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kuti mupeze malo owala

• Chifukwa: Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chodula nayitrogeni chimadalira mphamvu ya laser kuti chisungunuke zinthuzo, kenako chimagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni wopanikizika kwambiri kuti chichotse kusungunuka popanda mpweya. Kuti pakhale mawonekedwe odulira "owala pamwamba" oyima, osalala, komanso osasungunuka, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti atsimikizire kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi mipata yopapatiza komanso yosalala.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuchuluka kwabwino kwa malingaliro oipa?

Palibe mtengo wokhazikika, ndipo malo abwino kwambiri owunikira ayenera kutsimikiziridwa kudzera mu kuyesa kwa njira ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Mtundu wa zinthu:Chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, aluminiyamu ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoganizira.
• Kukhuthala kwa zinthu:makulidwe ake akakula, nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe sizili bwino kumakulanso.
• Kudula mpweya:Kudula mpweya ndi kudula nayitrogeni kuli ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zowunikira.
• Mphamvu ndi mawonekedwe a laser:Makina osiyanasiyana amphamvu ndi kuwala kwa kuwala (monga single mode vs multi-mode) ali ndi malo osiyana owunikira bwino.

Njira yodziwika bwino yoyesera ndi iyi:

1. Kuyang'anira bwino:Choyamba pezani malo a "zero focus" pamwamba pa zinthuzo (nthawi zambiri makinawo amakhala ndi pulogalamu yowunikira yokha kapena yamanja).

2. Kupanga zitsanzo zoyesera:Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yomweyo, liwiro ndi mpweya womwewo, dulani mizere yolunjika kapena mapatani osiyanasiyana pamalo osiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, kuyambira 3mm mpaka -3mm, sitepe imodzi pa 0.5mm kapena 1mm).

3. Zotsatira za kuwunika:yang'anani ubwino wa gawo, kutalika kwake, momwe chimapachikira slag, m'lifupi mwake komanso ngati pansi pa chodulidwa chilichonse chadulidwa.

4. Sankhani mfundo yabwino kwambiri:Kudula bwino, kukhazikika komanso kugwira ntchito bwino, sankhani malo abwino kwambiri oti muyang'ane ngati magawo a ndondomeko pansi pa makulidwe a zinthuzo.

Chidule

Mfundo yaikulu: Malo enieni ofunikira nthawi zonse amakhala okhudzana ndi zinthu, makulidwe, mphamvu ya makina ndi mtundu wofunikira. Magawo abwino kwambiri a njira ayenera kupezeka kudzera mu kuyesa ndi kutsimikizira.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana buku la malangizo a momwe zinthu zilili lomwe laperekedwa ndi wopanga zida, ndipo lisintheni bwino pamodzi ndi njira yeniyeni yodulira.