Iimpawu zokuWelda zezinto zeSinyithi esiQhelekileyo [Intsimbi yekhabhoni]

Ukuwelda nge-laser kufanelekile ukuwelda izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ubuninzi bamandla aphezulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokuwelda kwe-laser kwenza indawo yokuwelda nge-laser kunye nendawo echaphazelekileyo bubushushu ibe ncinci kakhulu. Ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali lwe-weld lungalungiswa ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo se-weld, kwaye ukusebenza kwe-weld engcono kakhulu kunokufumaneka ngokulawula iimeko zokuwelda.

Intsimbi yekhabhoni

Intsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy ephantsi zinamandla amahle okuwelda, kodwa xa kusetyenziswa i-laser welding, umxholo we-carbon wezinto (i-carbon equivalent C) akufuneki ube ngaphezulu kwe-0.25%.

Ifomula yokubala yexabiso elilinganayo lekhabhoni:

C=C%+Mn/6%+Ni/15%+Cr/13%+Cu/13%+Mo/4%

Kwizinto ezilingana nekhabhoni engaphezulu kwe-0.3%, utyekelo lokuqhekeka okubandayo kwe-welding luya kwanda. Ukuqwalasela ukuncipha okuthile kwe-weld kuyilo kuyanceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kunye notyekelo lokuqhekeka kwindawo ye-weld kunye nefuthe lobushushu. Xa izinto ezilingana nekhabhoni ezingaphezulu kwe-0.3% kunye nezinto ezilingana nekhabhoni ngaphantsi kwe-0.3% zidibene kunye, i-bias weld iluncedo ekunciphiseni utshintsho lwe-martensite kunye nokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-cracks. Xa i-carbon equator yezinto ingaphezulu kwe-0.3%, ukunciphisa isantya sokucima kunokunciphisa notyekelo lokuqhekeka.

Intsimbi egayiweyo, kuba iqondo lobushushu bokufuma kwe-zinc (903℃) liphantsi kakhulu kuneqondo lokunyibilika kwentsimbi (1535℃), ukufuma kwe-zinc kwinkqubo yokuwelda kubangela iimbobo ezinkulu kwi-weld, ngoko ke kunzima ukusebenzisa i-laser welding, ingakumbi i-getting welding. Ngoku kukho iimvavanyo zokuseta umsantsa we-0.1mm phakathi kwezinto eziphezulu nezisezantsi ukukhupha umphunga we-zinc kwi-gap. Kodwa kunzima ukusebenzisa i-clearance kwimveliso yokwenyani.

Umxholo wesalfure kunye nephosphorus unefuthe elithile kwi-welding crack. Intsimbi enomxholo wesalfure ongaphezulu kwe-0.04% okanye umxholo wephosphorus ongaphezulu kwe-0.04% ithanda ukuqhekeka ngexesha le-laser welding.

Umphezulu wentsimbi yekhabhoni ngenxa yomxholo wayo wekhabhoni uphezulu, kulula ukuvelisa iintanda zokuqina kunye neentanda kwiumaleko wekhabhoni, awuqhelekanga ukuwelda nge-laser.