Ukulahleka kwe-nozzle yomshini wokusika nge-laser kwamacala amaningana avamile

Ekusikeni kwe-fiber laser, i-nozzle iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi esengozini yokusebenzisa. Ukulahleka kwayo kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokusika, ukusetshenziswa kwegesi kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza. Ukulahleka okuvamile kwe-nozzle ikakhulukazi kunezimo eziningana ezilandelayo:

Umthelela ngokomzimba kanye nokuguguleka (Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu neqondile yokuguguleka.)

1. Ukushayisana nepuleti:enkambisweni yokondla nokuvala, ukubhoboza (ikakhulukazi ukuchelela kwe-slag ngesikhathi sokuqhumisa nokuqhuma kwepuleti elijiyile), noma ukufakwa/ukutholwa komkhawulo wamathuluzi omshini, ubuso bokugcina be-nozzle buthinta ngqo ipuleti, okuholela ekuguqukeni, ekuklwebhekeni noma ekuqhekekeni.

2. Ukushayisana ne-fixture:Ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwekhanda lokusika, ngenxa yendlela yokuhlela engalungile noma ukuzulazula okungenalutho kwethuluzi lomshini, umlomo ungase ushaye i-fixture.

3. Ukugqoka isikhathi eside:Ngisho noma kungekho ukungqubuzana okunamandla, enkambisweni yokusika ngesivinini esikhulu yesikhathi eside, ukugeleza ngesivinini esikhulu kwegesi yokusika (ikakhulukazi ngezinhlayiya ezincane zensimbi) kuzoqhubeka nokuhlola udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-nozzle, okuholela ekwandeni kancane kancane kwembobo, ngaphandle kwendilinga, okuthinta insimu yokugeleza kwegesi.

Imiphumela:Insimu yokugeleza kwegesi yokusika ayihlelekile, okuholela endaweni yokusika ebukhali, i-slag elengayo, ukwanda kwama-burrs phansi, futhi ayikwazi ngisho nokusika.

Ukuchitheka kwe-slag nokuvaleka

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokusika, i-spritter yensimbi encibilikisiwe inamathela odongeni lwangaphakathi noma ebusweni bokuphela kwe-nozzle.

1. Ukunamathela odongeni kwangaphakathi:Uma usika ishidi eligoqiwe, insimbi engagqwali noma ishidi elimboziwe, i-slag ecwebezelayo ekhiqizwayo kulula ukuyifafaza futhi inamathele odongeni lwangaphakathi lwembobo ye-nozzle, iqoqana kancane kancane ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuleka kanye nokuhamba komoya okungalingani.

2. Ukunamathela kobuso ekugcineni:I-slag iqoqana ebusweni obungezansi be-nozzle, okushintsha ibanga ukusuka ku-nozzle kuya epuletini (ukuphakama kwe-nozzle) futhi kuthinte umphumela we-gas dynamics.

3. Ukuvaleka okuphelele:Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-slag ingavimba ngokuphelele umlomo, futhi ukuhamba komoya kuphazamiseke, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokusika ngokushesha futhi kungashisa umlomo.

Imiphumela:ukusika okungazinzile, ikhwalithi yesigaba esibi, ukumiswa njalo kokuhlanza, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

Ukulimala Kokushisa Nokubhujiswa Kwezinto Ezishisayo

1. Ukususwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu:

• Ukususwa kokubhoboza: Uma kungena amapuleti aminyene, i-laser enamandla amakhulu isebenza endaweni ethile isikhathi eside, ikhiqize ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu futhi ibuyisele insimbi encibilikisiwe emuva, ezosusa ngqo ingxenye engezansi yomlomo kanye nomphetho womgodi wangaphakathi.
• Ukususwa kwe-plasma: Uma amapharamitha okusika (njengomfutho womoya, amandla, isivinini) engahambisani, ifu le-plasma lomhwamuko wensimbi elinokushisa okuphezulu kanye nobuningi obuphezulu lingakhiwa ngaphezu kwesibazi. Ifu le-plasma lizomunca amandla e-laser bese lisakazeka phezulu, lisuse ngqo ingaphakathi le-nozzle, bese likhetha umonakalo ongenakulungiseka.

2. Ukuguquguquka kokushisa:Njengoba isebenza endaweni enokushisa okuphezulu isikhathi eside, izinto ze-nozzle zingase zishintshe isakhiwo noma ziguquke, ikakhulukazi i-nozzle enekhwalithi embi.

Imiphumela:imbobo ye-nozzle iba nkulu noma ingajwayelekile ngesimo, ikhono lokugxila kugesi liyancipha unomphela, futhi ikhono lokusika liyancipha kakhulu.

Ukufakwa nokusetshenziswa okungalungile

1. Ukufakwa akuqondile/akukhululekile:I-nozzle ayiqinisiwe noma ayigxilile nekhanda lokusika, okuholela ekuvuza kwegesi kanye nensimu yokugeleza engavamile. Ukuxega okuncane kuzokwandisa ukuguguleka ekusikeni kokudlidliza.

2. Khetha uhlobo noma usayizi we-nozzle ongalungile:

• Ukungafani kwembobo: Sebenzisa ama-nozzle amakhulu okuvula ukuze usike amapuleti amancane (umfutho wegesi onganele, ukusabalala kwamandla), noma sebenzisa ama-nozzle amancane okuvula ukuze usike amapuleti amakhulu (ukugeleza kwegesi okunganele, ukukhishwa kwe-slag okungekuhle).
• Uhlobo olungalungile: I-nozzle enezingqimba ezimbili isetshenziswa uma kusetshenziswa i-nozzle enezingqimba eyodwa, okuthinta ukuzinza kokusika kanye nokuvikelwa kokulwa nokukhanya kwezinto ezikhanya kakhulu (njenge-aluminium nethusi).

3. Iphutha lokusetha ipharamitha yokusika:

• Umfutho womoya ophezulu/ophansi kakhulu: umfutho womoya ophezulu kakhulu ungabangela ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba komoya, ophansi kakhulu awukwazi ukukhipha i-slag kanye nokupholisa ngempumelelo.
• Ukubekwa okungafanele kokuphakama kwe-nozzle (i-Z axis): ukusondela kakhulu epuletini kulula ukushayisana, ukude kakhulu kuwumphumela omubi wokuvikela igesi.

ukungcola kanye nokugqwala

1. Ukungcoliswa kwegesi:Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yokusika (i-oxygen, i-nitrogen, umoya) akuhlanzekile, kuqukethe uwoyela, umswakama noma izinhlayiya eziqinile, lokhu kungcola kuzoqongelela embotsheni noma ekugqwaleni kwembobo.

2. Uthuli lwemvelo:Uthuli lwemvelo oluseshabhu lukhulu, futhi uthuli lumuncwa ekhanda lokusika bese lunamathiselwa ku-nozzle kanye nelensi.

Unganciphisa kanjani ukuguguleka kwe-nozzle nokwandisa impilo?

1. Ukusebenza okujwayelekile:

• Yenza izinqubo zokuthola umsindo kanye nokuphakamisa ukuze uqinisekise ibanga eliphephile.
• Sebenzisa amandla afanele kanye nokuphakama kokuqhumisa (uma kukhona) ngesikhathi sokubhoboza.
• Yithathe kancane, sebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile futhi uqinisekise ukuthi iqiniswa futhi ibekwe phakathi ngesikhathi sokufakwa.

2. Ukuthuthukisa amapharamitha enqubo:

• Ngokwezinto zokwakha kanye nobukhulu, kukhetha ngokwesayensi uhlobo lwe-nozzle kanye nomgodi (isimiso esijwayelekile: imigodi emincane yamapuleti amancane, imigodi emikhulu yamapuleti amakhulu; ungqimba olulodwa lokusika umoya-mpilo, ungqimba oluphindwe kabili lokusika i-nitrogen).
• Lungiselela inhlanganisela yokucindezela komoya, amandla, isivinini, ukuphakama kwe-nozzle kanye nezinye izinhlaka ukuze ugweme i-slag eningi kanye ne-plasma.

3. Qinisa ukulungiswa:

• Ukuhlolwa okuvamile: hlola ubuso bombhobho kanye nokuvulwa kwawo njalo uma ushintsha izinto, bese usebenzisa induku yokubeka phakathi (ithuluzi lokubeka phakathi) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingaphakathi liqondile.
• Ukuhlanza okuvamile: sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlanza akhethekile okugcina umlomo kanye nezinto ezithambile (njengezinti zokhuni, izindwangu ezingalukiwe) ukuhlanza imbobo yangaphakathi kanye nobuso bokugcina, akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ensimbi ukuklwebha kanzima.
• Ukushintsha ngesikhathi: uma umlomo utholakale unomonakalo obonakalayo (udonga oluyindilinga, oluyindilinga, oluqinile lwangaphakathi), noma ikhwalithi yokusika iqhubeka ingazinzile, kufanele ushintshwe ngokushesha.

4.Ukuphepha kwendawo yokusebenza:

• Sebenzisa igesi yokusika ehlanzekile kakhulu, eyomile.
• Gcina indawo yokusika kanye neshidi kuhlanzekile.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi i-rail yomhlahlandlela wamathuluzi omshini izinzile futhi wehlise ukujiya kwekhanda lokusika.

Isifinyezo:Ukulahlekelwa yi-nozzle kuwumphumela wenhlanganisela yezici. Ngokusebenza okujwayelekile, ukwenza ngcono inqubo, ukulungiswa kahle kanye nokukhethwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ukulahlekelwa okungavamile kungancishiswa, futhi izindleko zokukhiqiza zingalawulwa ngempumelelo ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ikhwalithi yokusika.