Ungawufinyelela kanjani umkhawulo okhanyayo, ocwebezelayo lapho usika amapuleti ensimbi nge-laser?

Ukuze kufezwe indawo yokusika engena-oxide, ekhanyayo kakhulu (eyaziwa ngokuthi “ukusika ubuso obukhanyayo”) lapho kusikwa amapuleti ensimbi nge-laser (ngokuvamile insimbi yekhabhoni), isihluthulelo ukuvimbela ngokuphelele ukubola ngesikhathi senqubo yokusika.kanye nokusebenzisa amapharamitha okusika alungiswe kahle asusa ngokuphelele izinto ezincibilikisiwe. Ukusika umoya ojwayelekile kuzokwakha ubuso obumahhadlahhadla, obumpunga obunesendlalelo se-oxide. Ukuze uthole ukusika kobuso okukhanyayo, landela lezi zinyathelo nezimiso ezibalulekile:

Isimiso Esiyinhloko

Ingqikithi yokusika okukhanyayo “ukusika okuncibilikisayo” kunokuthi “ukusika okune-oxidation.”

Ukusika i-oxidation (umoya ojwayelekile): ukusetshenziswa kwe-oxygen njenge-exothermic reaction esekelayo, i-iron kanye ne-oxygen (ukusha), kukhiqiza inani elikhulu le-iron oxide slag, ukusika ubuso bube buqinile, bumpunga mnyama.

Ukusika okuncibilikayo (ukusika okuqediwe ngezibuko): Kusebenzisa i-nitrogen ehlanzekile kakhulu (i-N2) noma i-argon (i-Ar) njengegesi yokusiza. Igesi engasebenzi ihlukaniswa nomoya-mpilo, i-laser incibilikisa insimbi kuphela, bese igesi enomfutho ophezulu isusa ikhambi lensimbi emsulwa ukuze kutholakale ubuso obucwebezelayo obungenawo umoya-mpilo.

Izinto ezibalulekile nezinyathelo zokufeza ukusika okukhanyayo ebusweni

1. Igesi ewusizo: i-nitrogen ehlanzekile kakhulu kumele isetshenziswe

• Izidingo zokuhlanzeka: ≥ 99.99% (ngokuvamile ama-nine angu-4 noma ngaphezulu). Ukungahlanzeki okwanele kungabangela ukubola okumbalwa, okuthinta ukuphela kwendawo.
• Izidingo zokucindezela: ziphakeme kakhulu. Kuye ngobukhulu bepuleti, ukucindezela okuzinzile okungu-15-20bar (cishe u-1.5-2.0MPa) noma ngaphezulu kuvame ukudingeka. Uma udinga ukusebenzisa ithangi le-nitrogen eliwuketshezi noma ijeneretha ye-nitrogen, i-air compressor evamile ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana.
• Umsebenzi: susa insimbi encibilikisiwe, pholisa umthungo wokusika, hlukanisa umoya-mpilo.

2. Amandla nemodi ye-laser: idinga amandla aphezulu kanye nomsebe wekhwalithi ephezulu

• Izidingo Zamandla: Ukufeza ukusika okukhanyayo ngokuvamile kudinga amandla aphezulu e-laser. Isibonelo, ukusika ubuso obukhanyayo bensimbi yekhabhoni engu-6mm nge-laser engu-4000W kuzoba lula futhi kuphumelele kakhulu kunokusika amapuleti avamile anobukhulu obufanayo. Amandla anganele azokwenza isivinini sokusika sibe sincane kakhulu kanye nokuqongelela kokushisa, okuzothinta ikhwalithi.
• Ikhwalithi yokukhanya: i-laser yemodi eyodwa noma i-laser yemodi eyodwa ngenxa yobuningi bayo bamandla obugxile kakhulu, indawo encane, ekusikeni okukhanyayo kobuso kune-laser yemodi eminingi inezinzuzo ezingokwemvelo, ingathola ingxenye ecwebezelayo necacile.

3. Ukusika amapharamitha: ukulungiswa okuhle

Amapharamitha alandelayo adinga ukulungiswa kahle ngokuya ngezimo zemishini negesi:

• Isivinini sokusika: Uma kuqhathaniswa nokusika kwe-oxygen, isivinini sizoncishiswa kakhulu. Uma isivinini sishesha kakhulu, ukuncibilika ngeke kupheshulwe kuhlanzekile, futhi ingemuva lizolenga i-slag; uma isivinini sihamba kancane kakhulu, okufakwayo kokushisa kukhulu kakhulu, futhi ipuleti lingashisa kakhulu futhi lishintshe umbala.

Ukukhetha nokuphakama kwe-nozzle:

• Ububanzi be-nozzle: ngokuvamile khetha ububanzi be-nozzle obukhulu (njenge-φ3mm noma i-φ4mm) ukuze buvumelane nomfutho ophezulu kanye nokugeleza okukhulu kwe-nitrogen ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukugeleza komoya kuzinzile futhi kumboza yonke indawo.
• Ukuphakama kwe-nozzle: Kudingeka kulawulwe ngokunembile, ngokuvamile kuphakeme kancane kunalapho usika nge-oxygen ukuze kwakheke isivikelo esihle sekhethini lomoya.
• Indawo yokugxila: Ukugxila kuvame ukubekwa ebusweni bepuleti noma ngaphansi kancane, futhi indawo engcono kakhulu idinga ukunqunywa ngokuhlola ukuze kutholakale umngxuma omncane nokhanyayo kakhulu.
• Ukuguqulwa kwamandla/imvamisa ephakeme: Kwamanye amapuleti amakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwemodi yokusika i-pulse efanele kusiza ukulawula okokufaka ukushisa ukuze kutholakale umphumela ongcono wokukhanya ebusweni.

4. Izidingo zeBhodi

• Ukuhlanza indawo: uwoyela, ukugqwala kanye nokugqoka ebusweni bepuleti kuzothinta umphumela wokusika futhi kufanele kuhlanzwe kusenesikhathi.
• Izinto ezifanayo: Izinto ezingalingani ziphumela emiphumeleni ekhazimulayo engaguquki.

Isifinyezo senqubo yokusebenza

1. Ukulungiselela:Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa i-nitrogen ehlanzekile kakhulu kanye nohlelo lokuhlinzeka ngegesi olunomfutho ophezulu. Hlanza indawo ephepheni.

2. Khetha umlomo:faka umlomo omkhulu obanzi ofanele ukusika umfutho ophezulu we-nitrogen (njenge-φ3mm).

3. Ukusetha amapharamitha:Khetha imodi ethi “Ukusika kwe-nitrogen” noma “Ukusika okukhanyayo ebusweni” kusofthiwe yokulawula ukusika. Faka ishidi (insimbi yekhabhoni) kanye nobukhulu.

4. Amaphuzu abalulekile okulungiswa kwereferensi:

• Igesi yokusiza yayibekwe ku-N2.
• Umfutho wegesi ulungiswa ube sebangeni lomfutho ophezulu (isibonelo, ngensimbi yekhabhoni engu-6mm, zama kusukela kubha eyi-18 kuqala).
• Yehlisa kakhulu ijubane lokusika (kungaba ukusika i-oxygen ngejubane eliwugqinsi lwe-1/3 kuya ku-1/2).
• Lungisa ukugxila kanye nokuphakama kwe-nozzle ngendlela efanele.

5. Ukusikwa kwesilingo nokwenza ngcono:okokuqala sebenzisa ihluzo ezincane noma imiphetho eqoshiwe ukuze usike isivivinyo. Isigaba sokubuka:

• Uma ingxenye engenhla ikhanya, ingxenye engezansi isakazwa ngomnyama noma i-slag elengayo: ingase ibe ngeshesha kakhulu noma ingcindezi yomoya enganele.
• Uma yonke ingxenye iphuzi noma i-oxidized: ubumsulwa be-nitrogen abwanele noma ingcindezi iphansi kakhulu, futhi i-oxygen ixubene.
• Uma ukusika kungabonisi lutho noma i-slag inamathele kakhulu: amandla anele, ukushesha kakhulu noma indawo yokugxila ayilungile.

6. Ukusika okusemthethweni:ngemva kokuqedwa kokwenziwa ngcono kwepharamitha, ukusika okusemthethweni.

Izinto Ezicatshangelwayo Nemingcele

• Izindleko eziphezulu:Kusetshenziswa inani elikhulu le-nitrogen emsulwa kakhulu, futhi isivinini sokusika sihamba kancane, futhi izindleko zeyunithi ziphakeme kakhulu kunezokusika umoya-mpilo.
• Umkhawulo wobukhulu:Umphumela wobuso obukhanyayo uba mubi kakhulu njengoba ukujiya kukhuphuka. Ngokuvamile kusebenza kahle kakhulu kumapuleti ensimbi yekhabhoni aphakathi nendawo nancane (1-12mm). Uma ukujiya kwebhodi kudlula umthamo wemishini, kunzima ukuthola ubuso obukhanyayo obuphelele.
• Izidingo zemishini:amandla e-laser, ikhwalithi yomshini, ukuzinza komshini, uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngegesi kunezidingo eziphakeme.
• Isicelo esiyinhloko:isetshenziselwa ukubukeka, ukushisela, ukufutha izidingo zekhwalithi yomsebenzi, njengamaphaneli e-elevator, izingxenye zemishini ezinembile, izingxenye zokubukeka, njll., ukugwema inqubo yokugaya elandelayo.

Kalula nje, ukuze usike ubuso obukhanyayo, khumbula izinto ezintathu: i-nitrogen ecindezelekile kakhulu kanye nobumsulwa obuphezulu, amandla aphezulu kanye nokukhanya okuhle, amapharamitha okulungisa kahle ngesivinini esiphansi.Kunconywa ukuthi uthole ithebula lepharamitha eliyisisekelo lemodeli ethile kanye nobukhulu kumkhiqizi wemishini bese usebenzisa lokhu njengesisekelo sokulungisa kahle endaweni.