Kodi mungatani kuti mukhale ndi m'mphepete wowala komanso wopukutidwa bwino mukadula mbale zachitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito laser?

Kuti mupeze malo odulidwa opanda okosijeni komanso owunikira kwambiri (omwe amadziwika kuti "kudula nkhope yowala") podula mbale zachitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito laser (nthawi zambiri chitsulo cha kaboni), chofunikira ndikuletsa okosijeni kwathunthu panthawi yodula.ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zodulira zokonzedwa bwino zomwe zimachotsa bwino zinthu zosungunuka. Kudula mpweya wamba kumapanga malo owuma, otuwa okhala ndi oxide wosanjikiza. Kuti mudule pamwamba mowala, tsatirani njira ndi mfundo zazikulu izi:

Mfundo Yaikulu

Chofunika kwambiri pa kudula pamwamba kowala ndi "kudula kosungunuka" osati "kudula kwa okosijeni."

Kudula mpweya wa okosijeni (mpweya wamba): kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya ngati mpweya wothandiza, chitsulo ndi mpweya wamphamvu kwambiri (kuyaka), kumapanga kuchuluka kwa chitsulo cha okosijeni, kudula pamwamba kosalala, wakuda wakuda.

Kudula ndi kusungunula (kudula ndi galasi): Kumagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni woyeretsedwa kwambiri (N2) kapena argon (Ar) ngati mpweya wothandizira. Mpweya wosalowerera umachotsedwa ku mpweya, laser imangosungunula chitsulocho, ndipo mpweya wopanikizika kwambiri umachotsa yankho lachitsulo choyera kuti upeze malo owala asiliva opanda okosijeni.

Zinthu zofunika komanso njira zodulira pamwamba mowala

1. Mpweya wothandizira: nayitrogeni woyeretsedwa kwambiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito

• Zofunikira pa kuyera: ≥ 99.99% (nthawi zambiri 4 nines kapena kupitirira apo). Kusayera kokwanira kungayambitse kusungunuka pang'ono, zomwe zimakhudza kutha kwa pamwamba.
• Zofunikira pa kuthamanga kwa mpweya: zapamwamba kwambiri. Kutengera ndi makulidwe a mbale, kuthamanga kokhazikika kwa 15-20bar (pafupifupi 1.5-2.0MPa) kapena kupitirira apo nthawi zambiri kumafunika. Pakufunika kugwiritsa ntchito thanki yamadzimadzi ya nayitrogeni kapena jenereta ya nayitrogeni, compressor wamba wa mpweya sungakwaniritse.
• Ntchito: pukutani chitsulo chosungunuka, choziziritsa chodulira, cholekanitsa mpweya.

2. Mphamvu ndi mawonekedwe a laser: zimafunika mphamvu zambiri komanso kuwala kwapamwamba kwambiri

• Zofunikira pa Mphamvu: Kukwaniritsa kudula pamwamba kowala nthawi zambiri kumafuna mphamvu ya laser yokwera. Mwachitsanzo, kudula pamwamba kowala kwa chitsulo cha kaboni cha 6mm ndi laser ya 4000W kudzakhala kosavuta komanso kogwira mtima kuposa kudula mbale wamba zokhala ndi makulidwe ofanana. Mphamvu yosakwanira imapangitsa kuti liwiro lodula likhale lochedwa kwambiri komanso kutentha kuchuluke, zomwe zidzakhudza ubwino.
• Ubwino wa kuwala: laser ya mtundu umodzi kapena laser ya mtundu umodzi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zake, malo ochepa, pamwamba pake pali kuwala kowala kuposa laser ya mitundu yambiri, ndipo imatha kupeza gawo lowala komanso labwino.

3. Kudula magawo: kusintha kosalala

Magawo otsatirawa ayenera kukonzedwa bwino malinga ndi momwe zida ndi mpweya zilili:

• Liwiro lodulira: Poyerekeza ndi kudula kwa okosijeni, liwiro lidzachepetsedwa kwambiri. Ngati liwiro lili lothamanga kwambiri, kusungunuka sikudzaphwanyidwa bwino, ndipo kumbuyo kudzapachikidwa slag; ngati liwiro lili lochedwa kwambiri, kutentha kumakhala kochuluka kwambiri, ndipo mbaleyo ikhoza kutentha kwambiri ndikusintha mtundu.

Kusankha ndi kutalika kwa nozzle:

• M'mimba mwake mwa nozzle: nthawi zambiri amasankha m'mimba mwake waukulu wa nozzle (monga φ3mm kapena φ4mm) kuti agwirizane ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwa nayitrogeni kuti atsimikizire kuti mpweya ukuyenda bwino komanso umaphimba mpata wonse.
• Kutalika kwa nozzle: Iyenera kuyendetsedwa bwino, nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwera pang'ono kuposa pamene mukudula ndi mpweya kuti ikhale yoteteza bwino nsalu yotchinga mpweya.
• Malo olunjika: Malo olunjika nthawi zambiri amakhala pamwamba pa mbale kapena pansi pang'ono, ndipo malo abwino kwambiri ayenera kufufuzidwa mwa kuyesa kuti apeze mpata wopapatiza komanso wowala kwambiri.
• Kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu/mafupipafupi: Pa mbale zina zokhuthala, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera yodulira ma pulse kumathandiza kuwongolera kutentha kuti pakhale kuwala kwabwino pamwamba.

4. Zofunikira pa Bungwe

• Kuyeretsa pamwamba: mafuta, dzimbiri ndi zokutira pamwamba pa mbale zidzakhudza momwe kudula kudzakhudzira ndipo ziyenera kutsukidwa pasadakhale.
• Zipangizo zofanana: Zipangizo zosafanana zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zosasinthasintha za glitter.

Chidule cha njira yogwirira ntchito

1. Kukonzekera:Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito njira yoperekera mpweya wokwanira komanso mpweya wokwanira. Tsukani pamwamba pa pepalalo.

2. Sankhani nozzle:ikani cholumikizira chachikulu cha m'mimba mwake choyenera kudula mpweya wa nayitrogeni (monga φ3mm).

3. Kukhazikitsa magawo:Sankhani njira ya “Kudula nayitrogeni” kapena “Kudula pamwamba pa chinthu chowala” mu pulogalamu yowongolera kudula. Lowetsani pepala (chitsulo cha kaboni) ndi makulidwe ake.

4. Mfundo zazikulu zosinthira:

• Mpweya wothandizira unayikidwa ku N2.
• Kupanikizika kwa mpweya kumasinthidwa kuti kugwirizane ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya (mwachitsanzo, pa chitsulo cha kaboni cha 6mm, yesani kuyambira pa 18bar poyamba).
• Kuchepetsa kwambiri liwiro lodulira (kungakhale kudula kwa okosijeni ndi makulidwe a liwiro la 1/3 mpaka 1/2).
• Sinthani kutalika kwa chitoliro ndi mphuno moyenera.

5. Kudula ndi kukonza mayeso:Choyamba gwiritsani ntchito zojambula zazing'ono kapena m'mbali mwa zidutswa kuti mudule moyesera. Gawo loyang'anira:

• Ngati gawo lapamwamba ndi lowala, gawo la pansi limakhala lakuda kapena lopachikidwa: likhoza kukhala lachangu kwambiri kapena mpweya wochepa.
• Ngati gawo lonselo ndi lachikasu kapena lopanda mpweya: kuyera kwa nayitrogeni sikukwanira kapena kupanikizika kuli kochepa kwambiri, ndipo mpweya umasakanizidwa.
• Ngati kudula sikukuwonekera bwino kapena slag yagwira mwamphamvu: mphamvu yokwanira, kuthamanga kwambiri kapena malo olunjika ndi olakwika.

6. Kudula mwalamulo:Pambuyo pomaliza kukonza magawo, kudula kovomerezeka.

Zoganizira ndi Zolepheretsa

• Mtengo wokwera:kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni woyeretsedwa kwambiri kumadyedwa, ndipo liwiro lodulira limachepa, ndipo mtengo wa unit ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wa kudula kwa okosijeni.
• Malire a makulidwe:Kuwala kwa pamwamba kumawonjezeka pamene makulidwe akuwonjezeka. Nthawi zambiri kumagwira ntchito bwino pa mbale zapakati ndi zoonda za carbon steel (1-12mm). Pamene makulidwe a bolodi akupitirira mphamvu ya zida, zimakhala zovuta kupeza malo owala bwino.
• Zofunikira pa zida:Mphamvu ya laser, khalidwe la mtanda, kukhazikika kwa makina, ndi makina operekera mpweya zili ndi zofunikira zapamwamba.
• Ntchito yayikulu:amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana, kuwotcherera, kupopera zinthu zofunika pa khalidwe la ntchito, monga mapanelo a elevator, zida zolondola zamakina, zida zowoneka, ndi zina zotero, kuti apewe njira yopera yotsatira.

Mwachidule, kuti mudule pamwamba powala, kumbukirani zinthu zitatu izi: nayitrogeni wokhuthala kwambiri ndi woyera kwambiri, mphamvu yayikulu ndi kuwala kwabwino, magawo osinthira bwino a liwiro lotsika.Ndikofunikira kuti mupeze tebulo loyambira la magawo a chitsanzo ndi makulidwe enaake kuchokera kwa wopanga zidazo ndikugwiritsa ntchito izi ngati maziko okonzera bwino pamalopo.