Ungayifumana njani imiphetho eqaqambileyo nekhazimlisiweyo xa usika iipleyiti zesinyithi nge-laser?

Ukuze kufezekiswe umphezulu osikiweyo ongena-oxide, okhanyayo kakhulu (owaziwa ngokuba “kukusika ubuso obukhanyayo”) xa kusikwa iipleyiti zesinyithi nge-laser (ngesiqhelo intsimbi yekhabhoni), isitshixo kukuthintela ngokupheleleyo i-oxidation ngexesha lenkqubo yokusika.kunye nokusebenzisa iiparameter zokusika ezilungiswe kakuhle ezisusa ngokupheleleyo izinto ezinyibilikisiweyo. Ukusika umoya okuqhelekileyo kuya kwenza umphezulu orhabaxa, ongwevu onomaleko we-oxide. Ukuze ufumane ukusika komphezulu okuqaqambileyo, landela la manyathelo kunye nemigaqo ephambili:

Umgaqo oPhambili

Eyona nto iphambili ekusikeni okukhanyayo kukuncibilikisa izinto kunokuba “kukusika i-oxidation.”

Ukusikwa kwe-oxidation (umoya oqhelekileyo): ukusetyenziswa kwe-oksijini njenge-exothermic reaction encedisayo, i-iron kunye ne-oxygen (ukutsha), kuvelisa inani elikhulu le-iron oxide slag, umphezulu wokusika urhabaxa, umnyama ongwevu.

Ukuncibilika (ukuncibilika kwesipili): Kusebenzisa i-nitrogen ecocekileyo kakhulu (i-N2) okanye i-argon (i-Ar) njengegesi yokuncedisa. Igesi engasebenziyo isuswa kwi-oksijini, i-laser inyibilikisa isinyithi kuphela, kwaye igesi enoxinzelelo oluphezulu ivuthuza isisombululo sesinyithi esicocekileyo ukuze ifumane umphezulu okhanyayo wesilivere ngaphandle kwe-oxidation.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye namanyathelo okufikelela ekusikeni okukhanyayo komphezulu

1. Igesi encedisayo: kufuneka kusetyenziswe i-nitrogen ecocekileyo kakhulu

• Iimfuneko zococeko: ≥ 99.99% (ngesiqhelo ii-nine ezi-4 nangaphezulu). Ukungacoceki ngokwaneleyo kunokubangela i-trace oxidation, okuchaphazela ukugqitywa komphezulu.
• Iimfuno zoxinzelelo: ziphezulu kakhulu. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bepleyiti, uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo lwe-15-20bar (malunga ne-1.5-2.0MPa) okanye ngaphezulu ludla ngokufuneka. Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa itanki ye-nitrogen engamanzi okanye ijenereyitha ye-nitrogen, icompressor yomoya eqhelekileyo ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nayo.
• Umsebenzi: vuthuza isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, pholisa umthungo wokusika, yahlula ioksijini.

2. Amandla kunye nemo ye-laser: kufuneka amandla aphezulu kunye nomqadi osemgangathweni ophezulu

• Iimfuno zamandla: Ukufikelela ekusikeni umphezulu okhanyayo kudla ngokufuna amandla aphezulu e-laser. Umzekelo, ukusika umphezulu okhanyayo wentsimbi yekhabhoni eyi-6mm nge-laser ye-4000W kuya kuba lula kwaye kusebenze ngakumbi kunokusika iipleyiti eziqhelekileyo ezinobukhulu obufanayo. Amandla angonelanga aya kubangela ukuba isantya sokusika sicothe kakhulu kwaye kuqokeleleke ubushushu, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela umgangatho.
• Umgangatho womqadi: i-laser yemowudi enye okanye i-laser yemowudi enye ngenxa yoxinano lwayo lwamandla aqinileyo, indawo encinci, ekusikeni komphezulu okukhanyayo kune-laser yemowudi ezininzi ineengenelo ezingaphakathi, inokufumana icandelo elincinci nelikhanyayo.

3. Iiparameter zokusika: uhlengahlengiso oluhle

Ezi parameter zilandelayo kufuneka zilungiswe kakuhle ngokweemeko zezixhobo kunye negesi:

• Isantya sokusika: Xa kuthelekiswa nokusika ioksijini, isantya siya kuncipha kakhulu. Ukuba isantya sikhawuleza kakhulu, ukunyibilika akuyi kuphetshethwa, kwaye umva uya kuxhoma i-slag; ukuba isantya sicotha kakhulu, igalelo lobushushu lininzi kakhulu, kwaye ipleyiti inokutshisa kakhulu kwaye itshintshe umbala.

Ukukhetha nokuphakama kwempumlo:

• Ububanzi be-nozzle: Ngokuqhelekileyo khetha ububanzi be-nozzle enkulu (njenge-φ3mm okanye i-φ4mm) ukuze ivumelane noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokuhamba okukhulu kwe-nitrogen ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhamba komoya kuzinzile kwaye kugubungela yonke indawo.
• Ukuphakama kwempumlo: Kufuneka ilawulwe ngokuchanekileyo, ngokubanzi iphakame kancinci kunaxa usikwa ngeoksijini ukuze yenze ukhuseleko oluhle kwikhethini yomoya.
• Indawo yokugxila: Indawo yokugxila idla ngokumiselwa phezu komphezulu wepleyiti okanye ngaphantsi kancinci, kwaye indawo engcono kufuneka imiselwe ngovavanyo ukuze kufunyanwe umngxuma omncinci nokhanyayo.
• Ukuguqulwa kwamandla/i-frequency ephezulu: Kwiipleyiti ezityebileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yokusika i-pulse efanelekileyo kunceda ukulawula ubushushu ukuze kufumaneke isiphumo esingcono somphezulu okhanyayo.

4. Iimfuno zeBhodi

• Ukucoca umphezulu: ioyile, umhlwa kunye nokwaleka kumphezulu wepleyiti kuya kuchaphazela isiphumo sokusika kwaye kufuneka kucocwe kwangaphambili.
• Izinto ezifanayo: Izinto ezingalinganiyo zibangela iziphumo ezingabonakaliyo zokukhazimla.

Isishwankathelo senkqubo yokusebenza

1. Ukulungiselela:Qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa i-nitrogen ecocekileyo kakhulu kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela ngegesi enoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Coca umphezulu wephepha.

2. Khetha umlomo:faka umlomo omkhulu obanzi ofanelekileyo wokusika i-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphezulu (njenge-φ3mm).

3. Ukuseta iiparameter:Khetha imo ethi “Ukusika initrogen” okanye “Ukusika umphezulu oqaqambileyo” kwisoftware yokulawula ukusika. Faka izinto zephepha (intsimbi yekhabhoni) kunye nobukhulu.

4. Amanqaku aphambili okulungiswa kwesalathiso:

• Igesi yokuncedisa yayimiselwe kwi-N2.
• Uxinzelelo lwegesi luhlengahlengiswa lufikelele kuluhlu loxinzelelo oluphezulu (umzekelo, kwintsimbi yekhabhoni eyi-6mm, zama ukusuka kwi-18bar kuqala).
• Yehlisa kakhulu isantya sokusika (kusenokuba kukusika ioksijini ngobukhulu besantya se-1/3 ukuya kwi-1/2).
• Lungisa ingqwalasela kunye nokuphakama kwe-nozzle ngokufanelekileyo.

5. Ukusikwa kwesilingo kunye nokwenza ngcono:Sebenzisa kuqala imizobo emincinci okanye imiphetho ye-scrap ukuze usike uvavanyo. Icandelo lokujonga:

• Ukuba inxalenye ephezulu ikhanya, inxalenye esezantsi isasazeke ngomnyama okanye i-hanging slag: isenokuba ikhawuleza kakhulu okanye uxinzelelo lomoya olunganelanga.
• Ukuba lonke eli candelo lityheli okanye linyibilikisiwe: ubumsulwa benitrogen alwanelanga okanye uxinzelelo luphantsi kakhulu, kwaye ioksijini ixutywe.
• Ukuba ukusika akubonakali okanye i-slag inamathele kakhulu: amandla aneleyo, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu okanye indawo yokugxila ayilunganga.

6. Ukusika okusesikweni:emva kokugqitywa kokwenziwa ngcono kweparameter, ukusika okusemthethweni.

Izinto Eziqwalaselwayo Nezithintelo

• Ixabiso eliphezulu:kusetyenziswa inani elikhulu le-nitrogen ecocekileyo kakhulu, kwaye isantya sokusika sicotha, kwaye ixabiso leyunithi liphezulu kakhulu kunelo lokusika ioksijini.
• Umda wobukhulu:Isiphumo somphezulu okhanyayo siba sibi ngakumbi njengoko ubukhulu busanda. Ngokuqhelekileyo isebenza kakuhle kwiipleyiti zentsimbi yekhabhoni eziphakathi nezincinci (1-12mm). Xa ubukhulu bebhodi budlula umthamo wesixhobo, kunzima ukufumana umphezulu okhanyayo ogqibeleleyo.
• Iimfuno zezixhobo:Amandla elaser, umgangatho wemitha, uzinzo lomatshini, inkqubo yokubonelela ngegesi ineemfuno eziphezulu.
• Isicelo esiphambili:isetyenziselwa imbonakalo, ukuwelda, ukutshiza iimfuno zomgangatho wesixhobo somsebenzi, ezifana neephaneli zelifti, iindawo zoomatshini ezichanekileyo, iindawo ezibonakalayo, njl.njl., ukuthintela inkqubo yokugaya elandelayo.

Ngamafutshane, ukuze usike umphezulu okhanyayo, khumbula izinto ezintathu: uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye ne-nitrogen ecocekileyo, amandla aphezulu kunye nomqadi olungileyo, iiparameter zokulungisa kakuhle ngesantya esiphantsi.Kucetyiswa ukuba ufumane itheyibhile yeparameter esisiseko yomzekelo othile kunye nobukhulu kumenzi wezixhobo kwaye usebenzise oku njengesiseko sokulungisa kakuhle kwindawo leyo.