Indlela yokuxazulula inkinga yokubhoboka kwepuleti elijiyile elinezinsalela ezithinta ukusika

Uma ukusika amapuleti aminyene nge-laser, insalela (i-slag) ekhiqizwa ukubhoboza ithinta ikhwalithi yokusika iyinkinga evamile kodwa elungisekayo. Lezi zinsalela zivame ukubangelwa ukulawulwa kwamandla okungafanele ngesikhathi senqubo yokubhoboza, ukungafani kwamapharamitha egesi noma amapharamitha enqubo angenangqondo. Okulandelayo yizixazululo zesistimu kanye nezincomo zokwenza ngcono:

ukwenza ngcono inqubo yokubhoboza

1. Ukusebenzisa ukubhoboza okuqhubekayo (ukubhoboza okunezingqimba)

• Kumapuleti aqinile (isb.> 15mm), gwema ukusebenzisa ukubhoboza kwamandla aphezulu kanye kuphela, bese usebenzisa ukukhushulwa kwamandla okuhamba kancane noma ukubhoboza okuhlukaniswe ukuze ungene kancane kancane ezintweni futhi unciphise ukuchitheka kwe-slag.
• Indlela yokusebenza: Setha ipharamitha "yokubhoboza okuhlukaniswe ngezigaba" kusofthiwe yokusika, qala ngokushisa ngamandla aphansi, bese ukhulisa kancane kancane amandla okungena.

2. Lungisa amapharamitha okubhoboza

• Nciphisa amandla aphezulu futhi wandise isikhathi sokubhoboza:ukunciphisa ukuchitheka kwezinto ezincibilikisiwe okubangelwa ukuqhuma kwamandla okusheshayo.
• Khulisa imvamisa yokubhoboza (umjikelezo womsebenzi):lawula isigqi sokukhishwa kwamandla e-laser pulse ukuze ugweme ukuncibilika ngokweqile.
• Isibonelo sereferensi yepharamitha (kusetshenziswa insimbi yekhabhoni engu-20mm njengesibonelo):
• Amandla: 1000-1500W (kulungiswe ngokuya ngomthamo wemishini)
• Isikhathi sokubhoboza: imizuzwana eyi-1.5-3
• Imvamisa yokushaya kwenhliziyo: 200-500Hz
• Umfutho wegesi osizayo: ukulungiswa kwesigaba (bheka ngezansi)

Ukulawulwa kwegesi okusizayo

1. Uhlobo lwegesi kanye nokwenza ngcono ingcindezi

• Insimbi yekhabhoni: I-oksijini (O₂) isetshenziswa njengegesi elisizayo, kodwa ingcindezi idinga ukulawulwa. Esigabeni sokubhoboza, ingcindezi ephansi (0.5-1bar) ingasetshenziswa kuqala, bese ingcindezi yokusika ingashintshwa iye kungcindezi ephezulu (1.5-2.5bar) ngemva kokungena ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela ngokweqile kwe-oksijini ukuze kukhiqizwe inani elikhulu le-slag.
• Insimbi engagqwali/insimbi ye-alloy: sebenzisa i-nitrogen (N₂) noma umoya, sebenzisa umfutho ophakathi nophansi (6-10bar) ukuze ubhoboze, bese ushintshela ekusikeni kwe-nitrogen ehlanzekile kakhulu ngemva kokungena.

2. Ukulibaziseka kwegesi kanye nokuvalwa kusenesikhathi

• Shintsha igesi ngaphambi kokuba kuqedwe ukubhoboza: shintshela kumapharamitha egesi ukuze usike lapho ukungena sekuzoqedwa ukusiza ekuqhumeni i-slag emgodini.
• Khulisa isikhathi sokuqhuma kwegesi ngaphambi kokuqhuma: shaya umzuzwana ongu-0.5-1 ngaphambi kokubhoboza ukuze uhlanze indawo yembobo bese upholisa izinto ezizungezile.

Indawo Yokugxila kanye Nokulungiswa Kwe-Nozzle

1. Indawo yokugxila

• Uma ubhoboza, sebenzisa inani elibi kakhulu le-defocus (ukugxila kungaphansi kobuso bepuleti) ukuze wandise imbobo futhi wenze kube lula ukukhipha i-slag. Isibonelo, insimbi yekhabhoni engu-20mm ingase ibeke indawo yokugxila ku-3-5mm ngaphansi kobuso.
• Ngemva kokungena, lungisa ukugxila kube yindawo engcono kakhulu ngokwezidingo zokusika.

2. Ukukhetha nokuphakama kwe-nozzle

• Sebenzisa ama-nozzle amakhulu anobubanzi (njenge-φ2.0-φ3.0mm) ukuze uthuthukise ukumbozwa kwegesi futhi ukhuthaze ukukhishwa kwe-slag.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuphakama kwe-nozzle kuphakathi (ngokuvamile 1.0-2.0mm) ukuze ugweme ukusabalala kwegesi okubangelwa umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu kanye nokuvuza okubangelwa umonakalo ophansi kakhulu.

Indlela yenqubo kanye namakhono okuhlela

1. Umgodi womthofu obholwe ngaphambilini

• Kumapuleti anobukhulu obuphezulu kakhulu (isb.> 30mm), imigodi emincane yokulinganisa ingabholwa ngomshini kuqala, bese ukusika nge-laser kungaqalwa kusuka emigodini yokulinganisa ukuze kugwenywe ukubhoboka okuqondile.

2. Setha i-offset yephoyinti lokubhoboza

• Uma uhlela, yenza iphuzu lokubhoboza liphambuke emgqeni wangempela we-contour ngo-1-2mm, bese usuka endaweni yokulinganisa uye emgqeni we-contour ngesikhathi sokusika ukuze ugweme indawo yokuqongelela izinsalela.

3. Ukusika indlela yokwenza ngcono

• Izimbobo ezijikelezayo noma izindawo zokuqala zokusika eziyindilinga zisetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa i-slag endaweni enganqunyiwe.

Ukuhlolwa kwemishini nokugcinwa kwayo

1. Isimo se-laser

• Hlola ukuthi amandla okukhipha azinzile yini, qiniseka ukuthi ilensi/isibuko esivikelayo sihlanzekile, futhi ugweme ukubhoboka okunganele okubangelwa ukuncipha kwamandla.

2. Ukuhlanzeka kwegesi kanye nokugeleza kwayo

• Qinisekisa ukuthi igesi ihlanzekile (ikakhulukazi i-nitrogen/oxygen), futhi uhlole njalo ukuthi indlela yegesi ivaliwe noma iyavuza.

3. I-nozzle ihambisana nengxenye ye-optical.

• Linganisa njalo ukugxila kwe-nozzle kanye nomsebe we-laser ukuqinisekisa ukulingana kokugeleza kwegesi.

Izinto Ezisetshenziswayo Nezinto Zemvelo

1. Ukwelashwa kobuso bepuleti

• Hlanza ungqimba lokugqwala, ibala lamafutha noma i-coating ebusweni bepuleti ngaphambi kokusika ukuze unciphise ukubamba iqhaza kokungcola ekusabeleni.

2. Ukuthamba kwepuleti

• Qinisekisa ukuthi ipuleti liyisicaba futhi ugweme izikhala ezibangela ukuvuza kwegesi kanye nokubonakaliswa kwamandla.

Incomo yenqubo yokulungisa amaphutha epharamitha

1. Okokuqala, lungisa amanye amapharamitha, lungisa kancane kancane isikhathi namandla okubhoboza, qaphela inani le-slag ekhiqizwayo, bese uthola iphuzu lokulinganisela.

2. Qopha amapharamitha okwenza ngcono bese usungula isizindalwazi senqubo yezinto/ubukhulu obuhlukene.

3. Ukuhlolwa nokuqinisekiswa: kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana zokubhoboza ezintweni ezilahliwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-slag inciphile ngaphambi kokusikwa okusemthethweni.

Isifinyezo: Ukuhlola Okusheshayo Amaphuzu Ayisihluthulelo

Ngokulungisa okuphelele okungenhla, insalela yokubhoboza ipuleti elijiyile ingancishiswa kakhulu, futhi ikhwalithi yokusika kanye nokusebenza kahle kungathuthukiswa. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nomkhiqizi wemishini ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa kwehadiwe noma ukwesekwa kwenqubo.