Uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cy'uko isahani nini yatobowe n'ibisigazwa byangiza imiterere y'aho yaciwe

Iyo ibyuma binini bikata hakoreshejwe laser, ibisigazwa (slag) biva mu gutobora bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'ibisigazwa ni ikibazo gikunze kubaho ariko gishobora kunozwa. Ibi bisigazwa akenshi biterwa no kugenzura nabi ingufu mu gihe cyo gutobora, kudahuza neza kw'ibipimo bya gaze cyangwa ibipimo bidasobanutse by'imikorere. Ibi bikurikira ni ibisubizo bya sisitemu n'inama zo kuyinoza:

kunoza uburyo bwo gutobora

1. Gukoresha uburyo bwo gutobora bugenda butera imbere (gutobora mu byiciro)

• Ku masahani manini (urugero: 15mm), irinde gukoresha uburyo bwo gutobora inshuro imwe gusa, kandi ukoreshe uburyo bwo kongera ingufu cyangwa gutobora ibice kugira ngo winjire buhoro buhoro mu bikoresho kandi ugabanye gushonga kw'ibisigazwa.
• Uburyo bwo gukora: Shyiraho "uburyo bwo gutobora ibice" muri porogaramu yo gukata, banza ushyushye ukoresheje imbaraga nke, hanyuma wongere buhoro buhoro imbaraga zo kwinjira.

2. Hindura ibipimo by'icyuho

• Gabanya imbaraga zo hejuru kandi wongere igihe cyo gutobora:kugabanya gushwanyagurika kw'ibintu bishongeshejwe biterwa no guturika kw'ingufu ako kanya.
• Ongera inshuro zo gutobora (uruhererekane rw'imirimo):genzura umuvuduko w'ingufu za laser pulse kugira ngo wirinde gushonga cyane.
• Urugero rw'ibipimo (ukoresheje icyuma cya karuboni cya mm 20 nk'urugero):
• Ingufu: 1000-1500W (yahinduwe hakurikijwe ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho)
• Igihe cyo gutobora: amasegonda 1.5-3
• Ingano y'ingufu: 200-500Hz
• Umuvuduko w'umwuka w'inyongera: ihinduka ry'ibice (reba hepfo)

Kugenzura gazi y'inyongera

1. Ubwoko bwa gazi n'uburyo bwo kunoza umuvuduko

• Icyuma cya karuboni: Ogisijeni (O₂) ikoreshwa nk'umwuka w'inyongera, ariko umuvuduko ugomba kugenzurwa. Mu cyiciro cyo gutobora, umuvuduko muto (0.5-1bar) ushobora gukoreshwa mbere na mbere, hanyuma umuvuduko wo gukata ugahindurwa umuvuduko mwinshi (1.5-2.5bar) nyuma yo kwinjira kugira ngo hirindwe ko ogisijeni yakora cyane kugira ngo habeho ingano nini y'ibisigazwa.
• Icyuma kidasesagura/icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma: koresha azote (N₂) cyangwa umwuka, koresha umuvuduko uringaniye n'uwo hasi (6-10bar) kugira ngo utobore, hanyuma uhindukire ukoreshe azote ifite umuvuduko mwinshi nyuma yo kwinjira.

2. Gutinda kwa gazi no gufunga kare

• Hindura gaze mbere yuko icyuho kirangira: Hindura ukoreshe ibipimo bya gaze kugira ngo ucike igihe kwinjira bigiye kurangira kugira ngo bifashe gukuraho ibishingwe mu mwobo.
• Ongera igihe cyo gusohora gaze mbere yo gusohora: shyiramo isegonda 0.5-1 mbere yo gutobora kugira ngo usukure ahantu hari umwobo kandi ukonjeshe ibikoresho biwukikije.

Aho umuntu aherereye n'aho ahindura akazuru

1. Aho umuntu ashyira imbaraga mu mwanya we

• Mu gihe utobora, koresha ingano ntoya ya defocus (icyibandwaho kiri munsi y'ubuso bw'isahani) kugira ngo wongere umwanya wo koroshya gusohora imyanda. Urugero, icyuma cya karuboni cya mm 20 gishobora gushyira focus kuri mm 3-5 munsi y'ubuso.
• Nyuma yo kwinjira, hindura aho ushyira imbaraga mu mwanya mwiza ukurikije ibisabwa mu gukata.

2. Guhitamo utuzubu n'uburebure bwatwo

• Koresha utuzuzi tunini tw'umurambararo (nk'ubugari bwa φ2.0-φ3.0mm) kugira ngo wongere ubwinshi bw'umwuka kandi uteze imbere isohoka ry'ibisigazwa.
• Menya neza ko uburebure bw'umunwa w'amazi ari buringaniye (ubusanzwe ni 1.0-2.0mm) kugira ngo wirinde ko umwuka ukwirakwira bitewe n'ubwinshi bw'umwuka n'amasasu yangiza bitewe n'ubwinshi bw'umwuka.

Uburyo bwo gukora porogaramu n'ubuhanga mu gukora porogaramu

1. Umwobo w'icyuma wabanje gucukurwa

• Ku byerekeye ibyuma bifite ubugari buhanitse cyane (urugero: mm 30), imyobo mito y’icyitegererezo ishobora gucukurwa mu buryo bwa mashini, hanyuma hagatangira gucukurwa hakoreshejwe laser uhereye ku myobo y’icyitegererezo kugira ngo hirindwe ko byangirika mu buryo butaziguye.

2. Shyiraho aho ingingo y'imbobo iherereye

• Mu gihe utegura porogaramu, hindura aho icyuho giherereye gitandukanye n'umurongo nyawo w'ifatizo ho mm 1-2, hanyuma uva aho ifatizo riherereye ujya aho ifatizo riherereye mu gihe cyo gukata kugira ngo wirinde ko ibisigazwa byiyongera.

3. Gukata inzira igezweho

• Imbobo zitoboye cyangwa ahantu ho gutangiriraho uruziga bikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza ibishishwa mu gice kitari icyo gukata.

Igenzura ry'ibikoresho n'ubuvuzi

1. Imiterere ya laser

• Genzura niba imbaraga zisohoka zihamye, menya neza ko lenzi/indorerwamo irinda isuku, kandi wirinde ko icyuho gihagije giterwa no kugabanuka kw'ingufu.

2. Isuku n'amazi meza ya gaze

• Menya neza ko umwuka urimo ubuziranenge (cyane cyane azote/ogisijeni), kandi ugenzure buri gihe niba inzira ya gazi yafunze cyangwa irimo kuva.

3. Umunwa uhujwe n'igice cy'urumuri.

• Suzuma buri gihe uburyo umwuka unyuramo n'umuyoboro wa laser bingana kugira ngo urebe ko gazi inyura mu buryo bungana.

Ibikoresho n'Ibidukikije

1. Gutunganya icyuma gikoreshwa mu gutunganya icyuma

• Sukura urwego rw'ingese, ibara ry'amavuta cyangwa irangi riri ku gice cy'isahani mbere yo gukata kugira ngo ugabanye uruhare rw'imyanda mu gukora.

2. Uburyo isahani ingana

• Menya neza ko isahani iringaniye kandi wirinde icyuho gishobora gutuma umwuka usohoka n'ingufu zigaragara.

Inama ku bijyanye no gukemura ibibazo by'imiterere y'ibipimo

1. Ubwa mbere, kosora izindi parametre, hindura buhoro buhoro igihe n'imbaraga byo gutobora, reba ingano y'ibisigazwa byakozwe, hanyuma ushake aho bigarukira.

2. Andika ibipimo byo kunoza no gushyiraho ububiko bw'ibikoresho/ubunini butandukanye.

3. Isuzuma n'igenzura: hakorwa ibizamini byinshi byo gutobora imyanda kugira ngo byemezwe ko imyanda yagabanutse mbere yo kuyikata ku mugaragaro.

Incamake: Igenzura ryihuse ry'ingingo z'ingenzi

Binyuze mu ivugurura rirambuye ryavuzwe haruguru, ibisigazwa by’ibice binini byo gutobora plate bishobora kugabanuka cyane, kandi ubwiza n’imikorere yo gukata bishobora kunozwa. Niba ikibazo kikomeje, ni byiza kuvugana n’uruganda rukora ibikoresho kugira ngo bapime ibikoresho cyangwa bashyigikire uburyo bwo kubitunganya.