Amakhono okusika ubuso obukhanyayo nge-laser

Ukusebenzisa umshini wokusika i-fiber laser ukusika izinto ezikhanyayo ezingaphezulu (njengensimbi engagqwali esibukweni, i-aluminium ekhazimulayo, ithusi, ithusi, njll.) kunomehluko oyisisekelo kanye nezinzuzo ezinkulu ngokusetshenziswa kwe-CO₂ laser yendabuko, kodwa futhi kudinga amakhono akhethekile ukuthola imiphumela emihle kakhulu nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha.

Isimiso Esiyinhloko: Ububanzi be-laser yefayibha bungama-microns angu-1.06, futhi izinga lokumuncwa kwezinto zensimbi liphakeme kakhulu kunele-laser ye-CO₂ enama-microns angu-10.6.Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-fiber laser cishe ayinakukhanyiswa, ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu, futhi ingozi yomonakalo wokukhanya kwemishini incishisiwe kakhulu. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi azikho izinselele.

Okulandelayo amasu okusika ubuso akhanyayo aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile umshini wokusika i-fiber laser:

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Nezindawo

Okokuqala, kusobala ukuthi ngensimbi engagqwali ekhanyayo engu-304 evame kakhulu, imishini yokusika i-fiber laser yesimanje ivame ukusika ngqo ngaphandle kokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwangaphambilini njenge-CO₂ laser, futhi ingozi yokubonakalisa iphansi kakhulu. Ubunzima busekutheni ungathola kanjani indawo yokusika "engenasici" ukuvimbela ukuklwebheka nokugqwala kobuso.

Amakhono Ayisihluthulelo kanye Nokwenza Amapharamitha Asebenze Kahle

1. Ukukhethwa kwegesi kanye nokulawulwa kwengcindezi (okubaluleke kakhulu)

• Ukusikwa kwe-nitrogen/ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu
• Inhloso: Ukuthola umkhawulo okhanyayo wokusika ngaphandle kokushiswa, umbala omhlophe osiliva noma wemvelo.
• Izidingo Zokucindezela: Kudingeka umfutho womoya ophezulu kakhulu (ngokuvamile> 1.2MPa noma ngaphezulu). I-nitrogen ephezulu ingasusa ngokushesha insimbi encibilikisiwe, ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwayo ebusweni bokusika, ngenkathi ipholisa umthungo wokusika.
• Izidingo Zokuhlanzeka: Sebenzisa i-nitrogen ehlanzekile engu-99.99% noma ngaphezulu ukuze ugweme ukungcola komoya-mpilo okubangela ukuthi indawo esikiwe i-oxidize futhi iphenduke iphuzi futhi ibe mnyama.
• Ukusikwa kwe-oxygen:
• Kusebenza kuphela ekuphishekeleni isivinini sokusika, futhi ungakhathali ngobuso bokusika bengqimba ye-oxide emnyama. Ngezingcezu zomsebenzi ezidinga ukugcina ukubukeka "kobuso obukhanyayo", ngokuvamile azisetshenziswa.

2. Ukukhetha i-nozzle kanye nokulawula ukuphakama

• Sebenzisa i-nozzle enezingqimba ezimbili/ehlanganisiwe: i-nozzle enezingqimba ezimbili (njenge-HighSpeed, i-nozzle ye-LowSpeed) ingakha ukugeleza komoya okuzinzile, okuhlanganisiwe, ikhono lokususa i-slag liqine kakhulu, lifaneleka kakhulu ekusikeni okukhanyayo kwe-nitrogen okunomfutho ophezulu.
• Ukuvulwa kwe-nozzle: ngokuya ngokukhethwa kwepuleti elijiyile, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ukuvulwa okukhudlwana kancane (njenge-φ2.0, φ3.0) ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza komoya okwanele.
• Indawo yokugxila: Zama ukulungisa ukugxila kancane phansi (ngokujulile eshidini) ukuze uthole ukusika okuqondile nokubushelelezi.
• Ukuphakama kokusika: gcina ukuphakama kokulandelela okungaguquki nokunembile ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba komoya okuzinzile.

3. Ukulungiswa kwamapharamitha e-laser

• Amandla: Ukusebenzisa amandla aphezulu ngesivinini esikhulu kunganciphisa indawo ethintekile ekushiseni futhi kugweme ukuncibilika ngokweqile noma ukuphuzi komphetho osikiwe.
• Imvamisa: Ukwandisa imvamisa yokushaya kwenhliziyo (njengo-500-1000Hz noma ngaphezulu) kungenza umugqa wokusika ube mnene futhi ubushelelezi.
• Umjikelezo womsebenzi: lungisa umjikelezo womsebenzi ofanele, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokusika, ukuze uthole imingcele engcono kakhulu yokuqeda.
• Isivinini sokusika: uma uqinisekisa ukuthi kunqunywa, zama ukusebenzisa isivinini sokusika esisheshayo ukuze unciphise ukunqwabelana kokushisa.

4. Ukuphathwa Kokugxila

• Kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokugxila ukuze kutholakale indawo engcono kakhulu yokugxila kwezinto ezikhanyayo kanye nobukhulu. Ngokuvamile ukugxila okuncane okungekuhle (ukugxila kwe-laser kungaphakathi kwepuleti) kusiza ukuthola ingxenye eqondile engcono.

Izinto ezibalulekile ezicatshangelwayo ngezinto ezahlukene ezikhazimulayo

isibuko sensimbi engagqwali:

• Indawo yokuqala yokuvikela: ukusetshenziswa kwefilimu ekhethekile yokuvikela esezingeni eliphezulu yokusika nge-laser! Lena yindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuchitheka okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusika kanye nendawo yetafula lomshini ekuklwebheni indawo yesibuko.
• Ngemva kokusika, ifilimu evikelayo ingasikwa kalula ukuze kube nobuso obubushelelezi.

I-aluminium kanye ne-aluminium alloys (ikakhulukazi i-gloss ephezulu):

• Ingozi yokubonakalisa: Ukubonakalisa kwe-aluminium emsulwa kanye ne-silicon aluminium ephezulu kusese phezulu. Nakuba ingozi iphansi kune-CO₂, ama-laser e-fiber anamandla aphezulu kakhulu (isb., ama-watts ayi-10,000 noma ngaphezulu) kusadingeka aqaphele umthelela ongaba khona wokubonakalisa emuva ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zekhanda le-fiber lapho kunqunywa.
• Amapharamitha: I-Aluminium ihambisa ukushisa ngokushesha, idinga amandla aphezulu kanye nesivinini esisheshayo. Sebenzisa i-nitrogen emsulwa kakhulu futhi kungadingeka wengeze inani elincane le-argon ukuze uthole ingxenye ekhanyayo.
• Ukulenga i-slag: Ukusika kwe-aluminium kulula ukukhiqiza ukulenga i-slag engezansi, okudingeka kunqotshwe ngokuthuthukisa umfutho womoya kanye nokugxila.

ithusi nethusi:

• Ukukhanya okuphezulu: Ithusi elimsulwa (ithusi) lingenye yezinsimbi ezikhanya kakhulu futhi liyingozi kuma-fiber lasers. Njalo qala ukuhlolwa ngamandla aphansi.
• Inkinga yokumunca: I-laser yefayibha eluhlaza (ubude be-wavelength 515nm) ingasetshenziswa. Ithusi linesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu sokumunca kokukhanya okuluhlaza. Kuyisinqumo esifanele sokusika ithusi, kodwa imishini iyabiza.
• Ithusi: i-zinc, umhwamuko we-zinc uzokhiqizwa lapho kusikwa, ingxenye kulula ukuyishintsha ibe mnyama. I-nitrogen ecindezelekile iyadingeka futhi amapharamitha alungiselelwe kahle.

Izincomo zokuphepha nokusebenza

1. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala:Ukuze uthole izinto ezicwebezelayo kakhulu (ithusi elimsulwa, i-aluminium emsulwa), lapho usika okokuqala, izingcezu ezilahliwe zingasetshenziswa kuqala, futhi zihlolwe ngamandla aphansi ukuze kubonwe isimo sokusika kanye nempendulo yomshini.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwemishini:Qiniseka ukuthi ikhanda le-laser lomshini wakho wokusika i-laser yefayibha lifakwe idivayisi yokuvikela ukubonakaliswa (njenge-back reflection isolator). Iningi lemishini ye-fiber optic yanamuhla enamandla aphakathi kuya kwaphezulu iza ejwayelekile.

3. Ukuhlanza nokulungisa:

• Hlanza ubuso bento ngowoyela ngaphambi kokusika.
• Hlola njalo futhi uhlanze umlomo bese uvikela ilensi. Igesi enomfutho ophezulu ngesikhathi sokusika okukhanyayo ingaphakamisa uthuli kalula futhi ilunamathisele kulensi.

4.Ukusikwa kwesilingo kanye nomtapo wolwazi wamapharamitha:Misa "umtapo wolwazi wepharamitha yokusika ubuso obukhanyayo" wezinto ezahlukene, ubukhulu obuhlukene kanye nezidingo ezahlukene zobuso, bese wenza ukuqinisekiswa kokusika okuncane njalo lapho impahla ishintshwa.

Amaphuzu okufingqa

Isiphetho:Kuma-laser efayibha, umongo wokusika izinto ezikhanyayo ebusweni ushintshile kusukela “ekuvimbeleni umonakalo wokukhanya” kuya “ekulungiseni inqubo ukuze kutholakale ubuso obuphelele bokusika nokuvikela ukubukeka kwezinto”. Ngokuhlanganisa “ukulungiswa okuhle kwamapharamitha okuvikela ifilimu yokusika ubuso obuphezulu obunomfutho ophezulu we-nitrogen”, izingcezu zokusebenza ezikhanyayo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingacutshungulwa ngokuzinzile nangokuphumelelayo.