Ubuhanga bwo gukata ubuso bukoresheje laser

Gukoresha imashini ikata fibre laser mu gukata ibikoresho byo hejuru bifite ibara ryinshi (nk'icyuma kitagira umugese, aluminiyumu irabagirana cyane, umuringa, umuringa, nibindi) bifite itandukaniro rikomeye n'inyungu zikomeye mu gukoresha CO₂ laser gakondo, ariko bisaba ubuhanga bwihariye kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza kandi ugire umutekano.

Ihame ry'ingenzi: Uburebure bw'umurambararo wa fibre laser ni mikoroni 1.06, kandi igipimo cyo kwinjiza ibikoresho by'icyuma kiri hejuru cyane ugereranije n'icya CO₂ laser ifite mikoroni 10.6.Ibi bivuze ko laser ya fiber idakunze kugaragara cyane, ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ingufu buri hejuru, kandi ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ibikoresho biragabanuka cyane. Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko nta mbogamizi zihari.

Izi zikurikira ni tekiniki zo gukata ubuso zikozwe mu buryo bwihariye ku mashini zikata fibre laser:

Ibyiza by'ingenzi n'inyubako

Mbere na mbere, biragaragara ko ku byuma bigezweho bikata fibre laser bishobora gukata bitagoranye mbere yo kubikora nka CO₂ laser, kandi ibyago byo kugarura urumuri ni bike cyane. Ingorane iri ahanini mu buryo bwo kubona ubuso "budafite inenge" bwo gukata kugira ngo hirindwe gushwanyagurika no gushonga kw'ubutaka.

Ubuhanga bw'ingenzi no kunoza ibipimo

1. Guhitamo gazi no kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi (ingenzi cyane)

• Gukata azote/azote nziza cyane
• Intego: Kugira ngo ubone ubuso bwiza butagira ogisijeni, umweru usa n'ifeza cyangwa ibara karemano.
• Ibisabwa ku muvuduko: Hakenewe umuvuduko mwinshi w’umwuka (ubusanzwe uri hejuru ya 1.2MPa cyangwa urenzeho). Azote ifite umuvuduko mwinshi ishobora gukurura icyuma cyashongeshejwe vuba, kugira ngo hirindwe ko cyangirika ku buso bw’igikase, mu gihe ikonjesha umugozi ucagaguye.
• Ibisabwa ku isuku: Koresha azote ifite ubuziranenge bwa 99.99% cyangwa burenga iyo kugira ngo wirinde umwanda wa ogisijeni ushobora gutuma ubuso buciwe buhinduka umuhondo n'umukara.
• Gukata umwuka wa ogisijeni:
• Bikoreshwa gusa mu gushakisha umuvuduko wo gukata, kandi ntukibagirwe n'ubuso bwo gukata bw'urwego rwa okiside y'umukara. Ku bikoresho bigomba kugumana "ubuso bwiza", muri rusange ntibikoreshwa.

2. Guhitamo utuzubu no kugenzura uburebure

• Koresha umunwa w’ibice bibiri/ibice bivanze: umunwa w’ibice bibiri (nk’umunwa w’ibice byinshi, umunwa w’ibice bigufi) ushobora gukora umwuka uhamye kandi uhujwe, ubushobozi bwo gukuraho ibisigazwa bw’amazi burakomeye, cyane cyane bukwiriye gukata ubuso bufite umuvuduko mwinshi wa azote.
• Umwobo w'amazi: ukurikije uburyo igice kinini cy'amazi cyatoranijwe, ubusanzwe ukoresha umwobo munini gato (nka φ2.0, φ3.0) kugira ngo umwuka ugere neza.
• Aho ushyira icyerekezo: Gerageza guhindura icyerekezo hasi gato (winjire mu rupapuro) kugira ngo bigufashe kubona icyuho gihagaze neza kandi cyoroshye.
• Gukata uburebure: komeza uburebure buhoraho kandi bunoze bwo gukurikirana kugira ngo umwuka utembera neza.

3. Gukoresha neza parameter za laser

• Ingufu: Gukoresha ingufu nyinshi ku muvuduko mwinshi bishobora kugabanya agace kagize ubushyuhe kandi birinda gushonga cyane cyangwa guhinduka umuhondo ku nkombe.
• Inshuro: Kongera umuvuduko w'amajwi (nk'urugero rwa 500-1000Hz cyangwa irenga) bishobora gutuma umurongo wo gukata urushaho kuba mwiza kandi ugororotse.
• Urugendo rw'akazi: hindura urugendo rw'akazi rukwiye, hashingiwe ku kwemeza ko gukata bihamye, kugira ngo haboneke ibipimo byiza byo kurangiza.
• Umuvuduko wo gukata: mu gihe cyo kugenzura ko ukata neza, gerageza gukoresha umuvuduko wo gukata vuba kugira ngo ugabanye ubushyuhe bwinshi.

4. Gucunga icyerekezo

• Hakozwe ikizamini cyo gupima aho ibintu biherereye kugira ngo haboneke ahantu heza ho gupima aho ibintu biherereye n'ubugari bw'ibice bimurika. Ubusanzwe gupima aho ibintu biherereye (aho ibintu biherereye muri laser biba biri imbere mu gishushanyo) bifasha kubona igice cyiza cyo gupima.

Ibitekerezo byihariye ku bikoresho bitandukanye bibengerana

icyuma kitagira umugese mu ndorerwamo:

• Ubuso bwa mbere bukingira: gukoresha firime yihariye irinda ikoreshwa mu gukata hakoreshejwe laser! Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda ko amazi aturuka mu gihe cyo gukata ndetse n'ubuso bw'ameza y'imashini butera gushwanyagurika ku buso bw'indorerwamo.
• Nyuma yo gukata, agapira gakingira gashobora gucibwa byoroshye kugira ngo gabone ubuso bworoshye.

Aluminiyumu n'aluminiyumu (cyane cyane urumuri rwinshi):

• Ingaruka zo kugarura urumuri: Ubushobozi bwo kugarura urumuri bwa aluminiyumu yoroshye na aluminiyumu ya silikoni nyinshi buracyari hejuru. Nubwo ingaruka ari nkeya ugereranyije na CO₂, lasers za fibre zikoresha imbaraga nyinshi (urugero, watts 10.000 cyangwa zirenga) zigomba kuba maso ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa n’inyuma ku bice by’imbere by’umutwe wa fibre mu gihe cyo gukata.
• Ibipimo: Aluminiyumu itwara ubushyuhe vuba, isaba imbaraga nyinshi zo hejuru n'umuvuduko wihuta. Koresha azote nziza cyane kandi ushobora gukenera kongeramo ingano nto ya argon kugira ngo ubone igice cy'ubushyuhe gisa neza.
• Kumanika ibisigazwa by'amata: Gukata aluminiyumu biroroshye gukora kumanika ibisigazwa by'amata munsi, ibyo bikaba bigomba kurwanywa no kunoza umuvuduko w'umwuka no gushyira imbaraga mu kirere.

umuringa n'umuringa:

• Ubushobozi bwo kugarura urumuri bwinshi: Umuringa w'umwimerere (umuringa) ni kimwe mu byuma bigarura urumuri cyane kandi ni n'ingaruka ku mirasire ya fibre. Buri gihe tangira ikizamini ufite imbaraga nke.
• Ikibazo cyo kwinjiza umuringa: Hashobora gukoreshwa laser y'icyatsi kibisi (uburebure bwa wavelength 515nm). Umuringa ufite igipimo cyo kwinjiza urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi kiri hejuru cyane. Ni amahitamo meza yo gukata umuringa, ariko ibikoresho birahenze.
• Umuringa: zinc, zinc vapor izakorwa mugihe cyo gukata, igice cyoroshye kugitera umukara. Azote ifite umuvuduko mwinshi irakenewe kandi ibipimo biranozwa.

Inama ku mutekano n'imikorere

1. Ikizamini cya mbere:Ku bikoresho bitanga urumuri rwinshi (umuringa w’umwimerere, aluminiyumu y’umwimerere), mu gihe cyo gukata ku nshuro ya mbere, ibisigazwa bishobora gukoreshwa mbere, hanyuma bigapimwa ku ngufu nke kugira ngo harebwe uko gukata bimeze n’uko imashini ibyifatamo.

2. Igenzura ry'ibikoresho:Menya neza ko umutwe wa laser w'imashini yawe yo gukata fiber laser ufite igikoresho cyo kurinda urumuri (nk'icyuma gitandukanya urumuri rw'inyuma). Imashini nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha imbaraga zo hagati kugeza kuri nyinshi zikoreshwa n'ikoranabuhanga rya fiber optic.

3. Gusukura no kubungabunga:

• Sukura hejuru y'ikintu ukoresheje amavuta mbere yo gukata.
• Reba buri gihe kandi usukure umunwa w'amazi kandi urinde lens. Imyuka ifite umuvuduko mwinshi mu gihe cyo gukata ubuso butangaje ishobora kuzamura ivumbi no kurifata kuri lens byoroshye.

4.Guca igerageza n'isomero ry'ibipimo:Shyiraho "isomero ry'ibipimo byo gukata ubuso by'ubuso bwiza" ku bikoresho bitandukanye, ubunini butandukanye n'ibisabwa bitandukanye ku buso, kandi ukore igenzura rito ryo gukata buri gihe ibikoresho bisimbujwe.

Ingingo z'incamake

Umwanzuro:Ku bijyanye na fibre lasers, ingenzi mu gukata ibikoresho byo ku buso bw'umukara yahindutse kuva ku "uburyo bwo kwirinda kwangirika kw'ishusho" kugera ku "uburyo bwo kunoza inzira kugira ngo haboneke ubuso butunganye kandi burinde isura y'ibikoresho". Binyuze mu guhuza "uburyo bwiza bwo gukosora imiterere y'uburinzi bwa azote yo ku buso bw'umuvuduko mwinshi", ibikoresho byo ku buso bw'umukara byiza cyane bishobora gutunganywa neza kandi neza.