Ungazilungisa Kanjani Izinhlansi Ezingavamile Ekusikeni Nge-Laser? Amathiphu Awusizo Okuxazulula Izinkinga Okunciphisa Ukulahlekelwa Yizicucu Nomshini

Ekukhiqizweni kokusika insimbi nge-laser, izinhlansi zokusika zisebenza njengesibonakaliso sempilo esinembile semishini yokusika i-laser ye-fiber. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile, izinhlansi zegolide ezifanayo ziletha ukusebenza kahle kokusika okuzinzile kanye nemiphetho yokusika ebushelelezi engenama-burr. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezimbili ezijwayelekile zezinhlansi ezingavamile—izinhlansi ezibuthakathaka ezifiphele kanye nezinhlansi ezimhlophe ezikhazimulayo—zizokonakalisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokusika, zibangele ukulenga kwe-slag, ukuguqulwa kwepuleti kanye nokusika okungaphelele, futhi zize zilethe nokwehluleka komshini okufihliwe okuphakamisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.

Iningi labasebenzi livame ukulungisa amapharamitha ngokungacabangi noma ukuvala umshini ukuze ulungiswe ngokushesha lapho kuvela izinhlansi ezingavamile, okuholela ekungasebenzi isikhathi eside kokukhiqiza kanye nokuguguleka okwengeziwe kwezingxenye. Ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yokuhlangenwe nakho kokusika kwezimboni okuhamba phambili, sixazulula izimbangela eziyinhloko, izinyathelo zokuhlola okusheshayo kanye nezixazululo ezisebenzayo zamaphutha amabili ezinhlansi ezivamile, okulula kubasebenzi abasha ukuwaqonda.

Izinhlansi Zokusika Ezifiphele Nezibuthakathaka: Amandla Anganele Okuvimba Ukusebenza Kokusika

Izinhlansi ezifiphele, ezikhipha umoya omncane zivame ukubangela isivinini sokusika esihamba kancane, amapuleti aminyene angangeni kanye nokunamathelana kwe-slag esindayo, okubonakala kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwensimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi engagqwali. I-trigger eyinhloko itholakala ekwandeni kwamandla e-laser noma ukuhamba komoya okuvinjiwe, hlola amaphuzu alandelayo ayi-5 abalulekile ngokulandelana:

1.Amandla e-Laser Anganele

Iphutha elivame kakhulu: ukuncishiswa kwamandla e-laser, ukusetha amandla aphansi ngendlela engafanele noma ukuthintana kabi kwezinkinobho zokulungisa amandla kuzonciphisa ngqo ukukhishwa kwamandla. Isibonelo, umshini we-laser ongu-6000W osika insimbi yekhabhoni engu-20mm ngamandla angempela awehliswe ku-4000W uzokhiqiza izinhlansi ezimnyama futhi ulwele ukungena emapuletini.

Isixazululo: Setha kabusha amapharamitha wamandla afanayo; hlola izinkinobho zokulawula amandla bese uhlola ukuncishiswa kokukhishwa kwe-laser njalo.

2.Isikhundla Sokugxila Esiphambukile

Ukugxila kwe-Offset kuvimbela amandla e-laser ekugxileni ngokunembile, kusakaze izinhlansi ezifiphele. Leli phutha livame ukwenzeka ngemva kokushintsha i-nozzle noma ukulungiswa kwekhanda lokusika.

Isixazululo: Linganisa kabusha ukugxila kwe-laser kanye nokuphakama kwekhanda lokusika; hlukanisa futhi uhlole ama-nozzle, hlanza noma ushintshe ama-nozzle aguqukile/avalekile ngesikhathi.

3.Ukunikezwa Kwegesi Eyisizayo Okungavamile

Ukucindezela okunganele, izinga lokugeleza noma igesi eyisizayo ehlanzekile kancane (i-oxygen/nitrogen) yehluleka ukuphefumula i-slag encibilikisiwe futhi ivimbela ukusabela kwe-laser-metal. Ukucindezela kwe-oxygen okuphansi kokusika insimbi yekhabhoni kubangela kalula i-slag kanye nezinhlansi ezibuthakathaka.

Isixazululo: Hlola amageyiji okucindezela kanye nama-flowmeter (umfutho we-oxygen ongu-0.3–0.5MPa wensimbi yekhabhoni); buyisela igesi yezimboni ehlanzekile kakhulu bese ulungisa ukuvuza kwamapayipi omoya.

4.Isivinini Sokusika Esidlulele

Isivinini esingalingani ngokumelene namandla e-laser kanye nobukhulu bepuleti akukwazi ukunikeza isikhathi esanele sokuncibilika, okuholela ekuncipheni kwezinhlansi kanye nokusikeka okungaphelele, okuvame ukubangelwa abaqhubi abaphishekela umkhiqizo ophezulu ngokungazi.

Isixazululo: Nciphisa isivinini sokusika ngokufanele, fanisa amandla, ingcindezi yegesi kanye nesivinini ngokuya ngezinto zepuleti kanye nobukhulu; gwema ukulungiswa kwepharamitha eyodwa.

5.Ukungcola Ebusweni Bezinto Ezingahlanzwa

Amabala kawoyela, ukugqwala, ukumboza noma ukuthungwa kwezinto ezingalingani kudla amandla e-laser ngaphambi kokufika endaweni yokusika, ikakhulukazi okusobala kumashidi ensimbi yekhabhoni agqwalile.

Isixazululo: Hlanza indawo yepuleti ngaphambi kokusika; khetha amashidi ensimbi ajwayelekile afanayo futhi ugweme izinto ezilahliwe ezingcolile.

Izinhlansi Ezimhlophe Ezikhazimulayo: Amandla Agcwele, Isignali Yesexwayiso Somshini Wokuqala

Izinhlansi ezimhlophe ezibukhali ezinomsindo omkhulu wokusika zizokwandisa umgodi wokusika, zibangele ukushiswa komphetho kanye nokuguqulwa kwepuleti. Ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwaleli phutha kuzolimaza amakhanda okusika kanye nama-nozzle, kumise ukukhiqiza ngokushesha ukuze kuhlolwe uma sekutholakale.

1.Amandla E-Laser Angaphezulu

Ukufakwa kwamandla angaphezu kwamandla kuncibilikisa insimbi ngokweqile, kudale izinhlansi ezimhlophe ezikhanyayo, imiphetho eshile kanye nama-burrs. Icala elijwayelekile: insimbi yekhabhoni engu-10mm eqoshiwe nge-laser engu-8000W enamandla aphezulu angalungisiwe.

Isixazululo: Yehlisa amandla e-laser ukuze afane nezimpawu zezinto; hlola uhlelo lokulawula ukuthi amandla awakwazi yini ukulungiswa ngokujwayelekile.

2.I-Focal Point Ephansi Kakhulu

Ukugxila okuphansi kakhulu kugxila amandla e-laser ebusweni bepuleti, okudala ukushisa okwedlulele kwendawo, izinhlansi ezikhanyayo kanye nemiphetho eshile, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokulinganisa okungalungile kokugxila.

Isixazululo: Linganisa kabusha ukugxila bese uphakamisa ukuphakama kwekhanda lokusika ngokulinganisela; qinisa izinhlaka zekhanda lokusika ezikhululekile.

3.Ukugeleza Kwegesi Okusizayo Okuphezulu Kakhulu

Ukugeleza kwegesi ngokweqile kubangela ukukhishwa kwenhlansi emhlophe okunamandla futhi kusakaze amandla e-laser, kwandise i-kerf yokusika, okuthinta kakhulu amapuleti amancane.

Isixazululo: Lawula ingcindezi yesilinda ye-oxygen ibe yi-0.8MPa ejwayelekile (ubuningi be-1.0MPa); hlola ama-valve alawulayo ukuze uzinzise ukuhamba komoya.

4.Ama-Nozzle Avalekile Noma Angakhuli Kakhulu

Ama-nozzle avaliwe, agugile noma amancane adala ukuhamba komoya okuguquguqukayo, okuphazamisa ukukhishwa kwamandla e-laser futhi kubangele ukushisa okweqile endaweni kanye nezinhlansi ezimhlophe, okusheshisa umonakalo wama-nozzle.

Isixazululo: Cima bese uhlukanisa ama-nozzle ukuze uhlanze ngokujulile; faka ama-nozzle alinganayo angama-caliber angu-0.8–1.2mm uma egugile noma engalingani.

Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokuhlola Lomhlaba Wonke kanye Nokulungiswa Kwansuku Zonke (Okufanele Kufundwe Yiwo Wonke Ama-Workshop)

Landela uhlelo lokuhlola olulula noluyinkimbinkimbi: hlola amapharamitha okusika, izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nama-nozzle kuqala, bese uhlola izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-optical. Ukugcinwa okujwayelekile kwansuku zonke kunciphisa kakhulu ukwehluleka kwe-spark okungavamile:

1.Hlola umfutho wegesi kanye nokugeleza ngaphambi kokuqala kwansuku zonke, hlanza ama-nozzle kanye nelensi yekhanda lokusika;

2.Linganisa kabusha ukugxila kwe-laser kanye nokuphakama kwekhanda masonto onke, hlola izingxenye zokulungisa amandla;

3.Qaphela isimo senhlansi ngesikhathi sokusika, yeka ukusebenza ukuze uxazulule izinkinga uma kuvela izinkinga;

4.Qeqesha opharetha ukuthi baqonde imithetho yokufanisa ipharamitha yezinto ezahlukene, bavimbele ukulungiswa kwepharamitha okungahleliwe okungaboni.

Isiphetho

Izinhlansi ezingavamile ekusikeni nge-laser zivela emandleni angalingani kanye namapharamitha okusika noma izingxenye zomshini ezinephutha. Izinhlansi ezibuthakathaka ezifiphele zihambisana namandla anganele kanye nokugeleza komoya okuvinjiwe, kuyilapho izinhlansi ezimhlophe ezikhazimulayo zibonisa ukugcwala kwamandla kanye nokugeleza kwegesi okuguquguqukayo.

Zijwayeze izindlela zokuhlola nokuxazulula ezingenhla ukuze uzinzise ikhwalithi yokusika, unciphise imfucuza futhi wandise impilo yemishini yokusika nge-laser.

Uma inkinga yenhlansi iqhubeka ngemva kokuxazulula inkinga ephelele, xhumana nonjiniyela abangochwepheshe ngemuva kokuthengisa abavela kumkhiqizi wemishini ukuze bahlolwe, ungaqaqi izingxenye ze-optical eziyinhloko ngasese ukuze ugweme ukulimala komshini okungenakuguqulwa.