Izizathu zokushisa kwe-nozzle yekhanda lokusika ngesikhathi sokusika nge-laser

Umkhuhlane we-nozzle head cutting laser unzima, ubomvu ngisho nokusha, ngokuvamile akuyona imbangela eyodwa, kodwa umphumela wezinto ezahlukahlukene. Okulandelayo kuzochaza ngokuningiliziwe kusukela ezizathwini eziyinhloko, izizathu zesibili kanye nezixazululo.

Isizathu esiyinhloko

Lezi yizinkinga eziqondile nezivame kakhulu ezibangela ukushisa ngokweqile kwe-nozzle.

1. I-Plasma/ukushisa okubukisiwe

• Indlela yokukhiqiza:Uma umsebe we-laser ugxile ebusweni bezinto zensimbi, uzoncibilikisa ngokushesha noma ushise insimbi. Igesi elisizayo, njenge-oxygen noma i-nitrogen, lipheshulwa liye kulesi sifunda sokushisa okuphezulu. Uma ubukhulu bamandla buphezulu kakhulu noma amapharamitha egesi engafanele, insimbi eshisiwe kanye negesi ngokwayo kuzoshiswa i-ion ukuze kwakhiwe ifu le-plasma lokushisa eliphezulu (iqembu legesi elingathathi hlangothi ngogesi elinokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu).
• Inqubo yokudlulisa ukushisa:Le plasma ngeke nje imunce futhi isakaze amandla e-laser, yehlise ukusebenza kahle kokusika, kodwa futhi izobuyela phezulu ngaphakathi kwe-nozzle. Inani elikhulu lokushisa elithwalwa yi-plasma lizodluliselwa ngqo odongeni lwangaphakathi lwethusi lwe-nozzle, okubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa layo likhuphuke kakhulu. Ngisho nokushiswa kube bomvu futhi kuncibilike.

2. Ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokupholisa

Amakhanda okusika e-laser anamuhla asebenza kahle kakhulu aklanywe ngeziteshi ezipholiswe ngamanzi ngaphakathi, ezisetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ukususa ukushisa okumuncwa yizimbotshana, izihlalo zesibuko ezivikelayo nezinye izingxenye.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa:

• Ukugeleza kwamanzi okupholisa okunganele:ukwehluleka kwepompo yamanzi okupholisa, ukugoba kwepayipi lamanzi, ukuvaleka kwesihlungi, njll.
• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi apholile liphezulu kakhulu:umphumela wokupholisa we-chiller awumuhle noma ukukhetha kuncane kakhulu.
• Ukuvaleka noma ukuvuza kwesekethe yamanzi okupholisa:isikali sangaphakathi noma ukungcola kuvimbela indlela yokugeleza.
• Uhlelo lokupholisa aluvuliwe:khohlwa ukuvula i-chiller ngaphambi kokuqala i-laser.

Izimbangela zesibili nezinye

Lezi zimbangela, nakuba zingaqondile kangako kunezimbili ezingenhla, zingandisa umkhuhlane noma zidale izinkinga ngazinye.

3. Ukungcolaelimele noma elimeleama-nses

• Uma isibuko esigxilile noma isibuko esivikelayo singcolile (uwoyela, uthuli) noma sonakele, ukudlulisa ukukhanya kwaso kanye nekhono laso lokugxila kuzoncipha.
• Ingxenye yamandla e-laser imuncwa yilensi uqobo bese iguqulwa ibe ukushisa. Lokhu kushisa kudluliselwa esisekelweni sesibuko, okuthi kamuva kufudumeze umoya ozungezile kanye nesisekelo se-nozzle.
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu lelensi lingabangela ukuqhuma.

4. Ukusetha okungalungile kwamapharamitha enqubo

• Uhlobo lwegesi kanye nokucindezela:
• Uma usebenzisa i-oxygen ukusika insimbi yekhabhoni, kuyisenzo esibangelwa ukushisa okukhulu esidala ukushisa okukhulu. Uma ingcindezi yegesi ingafaneleki, kulula ukwakha i-plasma enamandla.
• Uma usebenzisa i-nitrogen ukusika insimbi engagqwali, uma umfutho womoya uphansi kakhulu ukuba ungaphephula ukuncibilika ngesikhathi, i-slag izosakazeka phezulu, inamathele odongeni lwangaphakathi lwe-nozzle bese iqhubeka nokuyifudumeza; uma umfutho womoya uphakeme kakhulu, kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba komoya, okusiza ekwakhekeni kwe-plasma.
• Isivinini sokusika:Ijubane lihamba kancane kakhulu, i-laser ihlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi ukushisa kuqongelela kakhulu, okulula ukukhiqiza i-plasma nokushisa i-nozzle. Uma ijubane lishesha kakhulu, lingase lingadabuli, okuholela ekukhanyeni okukhanyisiwe okuthuthukisiwe.
• Amandla e-laser:Uma amandla ephezulu kakhulu futhi ezinye izilinganiso (njengesivinini kanye nomfutho womoya) zingahambisani, amandla ayanda kakhulu futhi i-plasma ikhiqizwa kalula.
• Indawo yokugxila:Indawo yokugxila engalungile izothinta ubuningi bamandla kanye nesimo sokusika, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukukhishwa kokuncibilika kanye nokwakheka kwe-plasma.

5. Inkinga ye-nozzle uqobo

• Ukungafani kwemodeli:imbobo ye-nozzle ayifani nobukhulu bepuleti elisikiwe kanye nomfutho wegesi. Isibonelo, ukusika okuncane okunombobo omkhulu we-nozzle kungabangela ukuthi ukuhamba komoya kuhlukane futhi umphumela wokuvikela ube mubi.
• Ikhwalithi/umonakalo ongemuhle:Imbobo ephakathi ye-nozzle ayindilinga, kunezimbobo, futhi udonga lwangaphakathi alubushelelezi, okuzobangela ukugeleza komoya okungazinzile futhi kwakha kalula imisinga ye-eddy, engavumeli ukushabalaliswa kokushisa kanye nokushaywa kwe-slag. Ukuguquguquka okuncane kwe-nozzle ngemva kokushayisana neshidi nakho kungabangela le nkinga.
• Ukufakwa okungafanele:I-nozzle ayiqiniswanga, noma indandatho yokuvala yonakele, okubangela ukuvuza kwegesi futhi kubhubhise ukuvikelwa kwekhethini legesi elizinzile.

6. Indawo yangaphandle kanye nokushayisana

• Ukukhanya kobuso bepuleti kuphakeme kakhulu:lapho kusikwa izinto ezikhanyisa kakhulu njenge-aluminium nethusi, inani elikhulu lamandla e-laser libuyiselwa ngaphakathi kwekhanda lokusika futhi limuncwa yi-nozzle kanye nesihlalo sesibuko.
• Ukushayisana:Ikhanda elisikayo lishayisana nepuleti noma i-fixture, okubangela ukuthi i-nozzle yonakale futhi izingxenye zangaphakathi zishintshe, kubhubhise i-coaxiality yokuqala kanye nokuvalwa kokukhanya, igesi, kanye nomzila wamanzi.

Uhlu Lokuhlola Olufingqiwe kanye Nesixazululo

Uma kunenkinga yokushisa kwe-nozzle, kunconywa ukuthi uhlole ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

1. Misa umshini ngokushesha ukuze uhlolwe:ukuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe emishinini.

2. Hlola uhlelo lokupholisa (okubaluleke kakhulu):

• Qinisekisa ukuthi i-chiller ivuliwe futhi isebenza kahle.
• Hlola ukuthi ukugeleza kwamanzi apholile kanye nomfutho kuyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zemishini.
• Thinta amapayipi okungena nawokuphuma bese uzwa umehluko wokushisa. Uma umehluko wokushisa umncane, kusho ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokushintshana kokushisa kuphansi noma ukugeleza kwamanzi akwanele.
• Hlola ikhwalithi yamanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukungcola.

3. Hlola futhi ushintshe izingxenye ze-optical:

• Susa ilensi evikelayo bese uyihlola ukuthi ayinawo yini ukungcola, ukusha, noma imifantu. Gcina amalensi ehlanzekile ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Hlola ukuthi isibuko esigxilile sisesimweni esihle yini.

4. Hlola bese ushintsha umlomo:

• Hlola ukuthi imbobo yomlomo esetshenziswayo njengamanje iyafaneleka yini emsebenzini wokusika oqhubekayo.
• Hlola ukuthi imbobo yangaphakathi ye-nozzle ibushelelezi futhi iyindilinga, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini umonakalo wokuncibilika noma ukuvaleka. Kuthathelwe indawo ukuhlolwa kwe-nozzle okusha sha, kwekhwalithi ephezulu.

5. Ukuthuthukisa amapharamitha enqubo yokusika:

• Xhumana nomhlinzeki wemishini noma unjiniyela wenqubo onolwazi ukuze ulungise kabusha amandla e-laser, isivinini sokusika, uhlobo lwegesi kanye nengcindezi, indawo yokugxila, njll. ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinto kanye nobukhulu. Lokhu kuyisisekelo sokuxazulula inkinga yokushisa ngokweqile kwe-plasma.

6. Hlola i-coaxiality kanye nokufakwa kwayo:

• Sebenzisa isihloli sokuqondanisa ukuze uhlole ukuthi i-coaxiality ye-laser, i-nozzle kanye negesi inembile yini.
• Qiniseka ukuthi umlomo ufakwe kahle futhi uqinisiwe, futhi indandatho yokuvala iphelele.

7. Qaphela inqubo yokusika:

• Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuphepha, qaphela izinhlansi ngesikhathi sokusika. Inhlansi evamile kufanele ibe phansi nangemuva. Uma inhlansi isakazeka phezulu, ihlukana noma iqinile futhi ikhanya kakhulu, ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi amapharamitha awafanele futhi kukhiqizwa inani elikhulu le-plasma.

Ngophenyo oluhlelekile, iningi lezinkinga zokushisa kwe-nozzle zingaxazululwa ngempumelelo. Uma izinyathelo ezingenhla zingenakuxazululwa, kungenzeka ukuthi kunenkinga enkulu kakhulu yemishini noma yokukhanya ngaphakathi kwekhanda lokusika, futhi kuyadingeka ukuxhumana nomkhiqizi wemishini ukuze kulungiswe ngochwepheshe.