Ingufu za laser zifite ingufu nyinshi n'ibikorwa byazo kugira ngo zigere ku ngaruka zo gutunganya, umuyoboro wa laser ni wo woroshye cyane gukoresha ibikoresho by'icyuma, ni nawo iterambere rigezweho n'ikoreshwa ry'isoko, cyane cyane harimo icyuma rusange, icyuma cya karuboni, icyuma kitagira umugese, umuringa, aluminiyumu n'ibindi. Ingufu za laser, icyuma cya karuboni zikoreshwa cyane nk'ibice by'icyuma, nk'imodoka, ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, imiyoboro y'ubwikorezi, nibindi, zikenera gukata no gusudira ingufu nyinshi. Kandi icyuma kitagira umugese gikunze kugaragara mu bwiherero, mu gikoni, mu bikoresho byo gukata, ubunini bw'ibikoresho ntabwo buri hejuru, laser ifite ingufu ziciriritse ihagije kugira ngo ihuze.
Imishinga y'amazu n'ibikorwaremezo bitandukanye byo mu Bushinwa yateye imbere vuba, kandi ibikoresho byinshi by'ubwubatsi birakoreshwa. Urugero, Ubushinwa bukoresha kimwe cya kabiri cya sima ku isi, kandi ni cyo gihugu gikoresha ibyuma byinshi. Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bishobora gufatwa nk'imwe mu nganda z'ingenzi mu bukungu bw'Ubushinwa. Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bigomba gukoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo gutunganya, bityo ikoranabuhanga rya laser mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi rishobora gukoreshwa mu buhe buryo? Muri iki gihe, icyuma gisya cyangwa icyuma gikoresha hydraulic gikoreshwa cyane ku rubaho n'urubaho rw'ishingiro cyangwa inyubako. Muri iki gihe, laser ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro n'inzugi n'amadirishya.
Gutunganya imiyoboro y'icyuma hakoreshejwe laser bikoreshwa mu miyoboro y'amazi, imiyoboro ya gaze/gaze karemano, imiyoboro y'amazi mabi, imiyoboro y'uruzitiro, imiyoboro y'icyuma ikoze mu cyuma n'imiyoboro y'icyuma kidashonga. Bitewe n'imbaraga n'ubwiza by'imiyoboro mu nganda z'ubwubatsi, ibisabwa mu gukata imiyoboro nabyo byaranogejwe. Muri rusange, uruganda rw'umwimerere rukora imiyoboro akenshi rugira uburebure bwa metero 10, cyangwa metero 20. Nyuma yo kuyimanura mu nzego zose z'ubuzima, bitewe n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyikoresha, igomba gutunganywa mu bice bifite imiterere n'ingano bitandukanye kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo inganda zitandukanye zikeneye.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukata imiyoboro ya laser ryinjiye vuba mu nganda z'imiyoboro, rikwiriye cyane ubwoko bwose bw'imiyoboro y'icyuma, rifite imiterere yo gukora cyane, gukora neza cyane, umusaruro mwinshi. Ubunini bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi muri rusange ni munsi ya 3mm, watts 1000 z'ingufu za laser zirahagije gukata, gukoresha watts zirenga 3000 z'ingufu bishobora gutuma ukata vuba cyane. Mu bihe byashize, byafataga amasegonda agera kuri 20 kugira ngo icyuma gikata umuyoboro w'icyuma kidashonga, ariko bifata amasegonda 2 gusa gukata laser, ibyo bikaba byongera imikorere. Kubwibyo, mu myaka ine kugeza kuri itanu ishize, ibikoresho byo gukata laser byasimbuye uburyo bwo gukata icyuma gakondo.
Kugaragara kw'inzira yo gukata imiyoboro ya laser, bishobora gushyira inzira gakondo zo gukata, gukubita, gucukura n'izindi nzira mu mashini byikora, bishobora gukata umuyoboro, umwobo, gukata inkombe n'ibishushanyo mbonera, inzira yo gukata imiyoboro ya laser igomba gusa kwinjiza ibisabwa muri mudasobwa, ibikoresho bishobora gukora akazi ko gukata mu buryo bwikora, vuba, neza cyane kugira ngo birangize akazi ko gukata. Gutanga, gufunga, kuzunguruka, gukata imiyoboro mu buryo bwikora, bikwiriye umuyoboro uzengurutse, umuyoboro kare, umuyoboro ugororotse, nibindi. Gukata imiyoboro ya laser hafi ya byose byujuje ibisabwa mu gukata imiyoboro, kugira ngo bigere ku buryo bwo gutunganya neza.
Inzugi n'amadirishya ni igice cy'ingenzi mu nganda z'ubwubatsi bw'amazu mu Bushinwa, amazu yose akeneye inzugi n'amadirishya, bitewe n'uko inzugi n'amadirishya bikenerwa cyane, hamwe n'ikiguzi cyo gukora inzugi n'amadirishya kiyongera buri mwaka, abantu banashyira imbere ibisabwa byo gutunganya neza no kunoza inzugi n'amadirishya, inzugi n'amadirishya, inzitiramubu zo kurwanya ubujura, insinga n'ibindi bikoresho byinshi by'ibyuma bitagira umugese, ahanini ni icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma n'ikigega gifite ubugari buri munsi ya mm 2. Gukata neza, gukata icyuho no gukata ibishushanyo bya plate y'icyuma kitagira umugese n'ikigega kizengurutse bishobora kugerwaho binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya laser ku mpera y'ifungura. Muri iki gihe, gusudira hakoreshejwe laser mu ntoki biroroshye cyane. Ikoreshwa mu gusudira ibice by'ibyuma by'inzugi n'amadirishya mu buryo butagoramye. Ntizongera kugaragara icyuho n'imirongo yo gusudira nk'uko gusudira ahantu habi bigenda, kugira ngo imikorere rusange y'inzugi n'amadirishya ibe myiza kandi nziza.
Inzugi n'amadirishya, inzitiramibu irwanya ubujura, n'ingufu zo kurinda buri mwaka ni byinshi cyane, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nto n'iziciriritse za laser rishobora gutuma hakorwa igenamiterere, gusudira. Ariko, kubera ko ibyinshi muri ibi bicuruzwa bihindurwa hakurikijwe ingano y'inzu kandi bigakorwa n'amaduka mato ashyiramo inzugi n'amadirishya cyangwa amasosiyete atunganya imitako, icy'ingenzi kiracyari ugukata amapine asanzwe, gusudira arc, gusudira umuriro n'ibindi. Ahantu ho gutunganya laser hasimbura ikoranabuhanga risanzwe ni hanini cyane.
Uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bitari ibyuma hakoreshejwe laser: ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bitari ibyuma, cyane cyane ibya keramike, amabuye, ibirahure, ibi bikorwa ahanini birimo gusya, icyuma gikoreshwa mu buryo bwa mashini, byishingikiriza ku gukoresha intoki, gushyira mu mwanya wabyo, gukata bizatanga ivumbi rinini, imyanda, n'urusaku ruteye ubwoba, bishobora kwangiza umubiri w'umuntu, ubu urubyiruko ruto rugenda rurushaho kubyifuza. Ubwo bwoko butatu bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi ni ugusenyuka, gucika kw'ibirahure hakoreshejwe laser byaratejwe imbere, imiterere y'ibirahure bya silicate, quartz, byoroshye gukorana n'umuraba wa laser kugira ngo bigere ku ngaruka zo gukata, gutunganya ibirahure byavuzweho cyane. Nubwo keramike n'amabuye, gukata laser bidakunze kwitabwaho muri iki gihe, bisaba gukomeza gushakisha. Shaka umugozi ukwiye, imbaraga zikwiye za laser, keramike n'amabuye nazo zishobora kugerageza gukata, kandi zikagera ku ivumbi rike, nta gukata urusaku, nizeye ko hazabaho ibigo byo mu gihugu bizagerageza kubigeraho mu gihe kizaza.
Gushakisha uburyo bwo gutunganya ahantu hakorerwa isuzuma hakoreshejwe laser: ahazubakwa amazu, cyangwa umuhanda munini, ikiraro, inzira n'indi mishinga y'ibikorwa remezo, ibikoresho byinshi bigomba gushyirwa ahakorerwa isuzuma, kandi uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho bya laser akenshi bugarukira aho bakorera, hanyuma bigatwara igikoresho kikajya ku mwanya wa kabiri. Kubwibyo, bishobora kuba icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cyo guteza imbere laser mu gihe kizaza gusuzuma uburyo ibikoresho bya laser bishobora gutunganywa mu buryo bufatika mu gihe nyacyo aho bikorerwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-14-2023
