Muna 1960, musayendisiti wekuAmerica Theodore Maiman akabudirira kugadzira laser yekutanga pasi rose - ruby laser. Muna 1961, laser yekutanga yeruby yeChina yakazvarwa muChangchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Kubva ipapo, "Laser" yakakura kusvika yawedzera nzvimbo yayo mumunda wekushandisa uye yakava simba rakakosha mumunda wetekinoroji yepamusoro. Musika we laser wenyika yedu yese wakatanga kunonoka uye wakasangana nekuchinja kubva pakutevera kusvika pakushanda uye kusvika pakuwana kutungamira mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Zvisinei, sezvo mabhizinesi emuno achipfuura nepakati pe tekinoroji ye laser, achiwana kugadzirwa kukuru kwe laser nemidziyo ye optical, uye achikurudzira kudzikiswa kwemutengo wezvinhu zve optical, kugona kwemidziyo ye laser yemuno kunoratidza kukura kwakanyanya.
Mumakore gumi apfuura, huwandu hweindasitiri yelaser muChina hwakawedzera kanopfuura kagumi, uye musika wekushandiswa kwelaser mumaindasitiri wakawedzerawo kanopfuura kagumi. Kugona kwekugadzira uye huwandu hweindasitiri zviri muchikamu chekukura nekukurumidza. Muna 2020, indasitiri yelaser muChina yakakunda kukanganiswa kwehondo yekutengeserana yepasi rose nedenda reCOVID-19, uye yakawana mari yakawedzerwa pasinei nematambudziko, ikava nyika ine simba, inoshanduka uye yakachengeteka mukukura kwehupfumi hwepasi rose. Muna 2020, huwandu hwemusika wezvigadzirwa zvelaser zveChina hwaive mabhiriyoni zana nemakumi matanhatu neshanu emadhora, zvichipfuura nemabhiriyoni emadhora kekutanga, nekukura kwegore negore kweinenge 15.4%, uye mwero wekukura wakakurumidza kupfuura wegore rapfuura. Gore ra2020 rave gore rekuchinja kukuru kweindasitiri yelaser muChina, uye laser yeChina inopinda zvakanaka munguva yechipiri yegoridhe. Mumakore makumi maviri anotevera, nekuvandudzwa kwenharaunda yepasi rose, kutangwa kwemitemo yekutsigira yemuno nenguva, kukura nekukurumidza kwemakambani elaser, kufukidzwa kwakazara kwekushandiswa kwetekinoroji yelaser, kufambira mberi kuri kuitwa kwetekinoroji dzakajairika, pamwe nekugadzwa kwecheni yakazara yeindasitiri uye boka rakazara remaindasitiri, China inotarisirwa kuve indasitiri inotungamira pasi rose yekugadzira simba relaser, laser uye photoelectric kuti iwane kukosha kwetriliyoni yekubudisa hakusi kurota.
Mamiriro ekunze kwenyika anobatsira pakukura kweChina. Mumakore maviri apfuura, nekuda kwedenda reCOVID-19 uye kugadziriswa kwemitemo yehupfumi hwenyika dzekuMadokero inomiririrwa neUnited States, zvikanganiso zvemamwe maindasitiri emuno anovimba nezvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa zvinounzwa kunze kwenyika zvakaratidzwa uye vagadziri vazhinji vemuno vasangana nematambudziko, izvo zvakaunza dambudziko kune vagadziri vazhinji vemuno uye zvakakanganisa zvakanyanya nharaunda yehupfumi. Zvisinei, macheni ekutengesa ekunze aderera, mabhizinesi mazhinji amisa kugadzirwa, uye kuwanikwa kwezvekurapa nenguva uye zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva munyika idzi kuri pasi pemiganhu yezvivakwa. Cheni yekutengesa yemuno ine rimwe basa kusvika pamwero wakati, izvo zvinounza kuwedzera kwakawedzerwa kuindasitiri yelaser, kunyanya munda wekugadzirisa laser.
Denda iri harina kuchinja maitiro ebudiriro yeindasitiri yelaser yeChina. Senzvimbo yekugadzira yepasi rose, China ine hwaro hwakazara hwemaindasitiri nenzvimbo yakakura yemusika. "Kuunganidza zviwanikwa kuti zviite zvinhu zvikuru" chiratidzo chakakosha chezvakanakira zvehurongwa hwehurumende nehurongwa hwekutonga. Kunyangwe ichidzora denda iri nenguva, zvine simba uye zvinobudirira, China yakagadzirisa marongerwo aro, yakakurudzira kudiwa kwemuno, uye yakasimudzira hupfumi zvishoma nezvishoma. Nhamba huru yezviitiko zvitsva zvekushandiswa kwetekinoroji yelaser yakaonekwa. Kune rumwe rutivi, nekuda kwekukakavadzana kwekutengeserana, mitero yekupinza zvinhu kunze inowedzera, zvekuti China inofanira kukurumidzisa kutamiswa kwezvikamu zvakakosha uye zvigadzirwa zvakakosha zvine njodzi dzemutemo kuzvigadzirwa zvemuno, izvo zvinounzawo mikana yakawanda kuindasitiri yelaser senzira yepamusoro yekugadzira. Makambani makuru emuno akatendeukira kumusika wemuno, achikurudzira kudiwa kwemuno, achikurudzira kukura kwemaindasitiri emuno muminda yakasiyana-siyana, achikurumidzisa maitiro ekutsiva nzvimbo, uye achivandudza zvakanyanya mhando yekutsiva.
Kubva pakaburitswa Chirongwa cheNyika cheKubudirira kweSainzi neTekinoroji kweNguva Yepakati neNguva Refu (2006-2020) muna 2006 uye tekinoroji yelaser yakanyorwa se tekinoroji yekumisikidza yekuvandudzwa kwebudiriro huru yenyika kekutanga, mitemo inotsigira kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yelaser yakaunzwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Semuenzaniso, magwaro makuru emutemo akadai se "Chirongwa cheMakore Mashanu che12 cheKuvandudzwa kweMaindasitiri Ekusimudzira Mazano eNyika" muna 2012, "Chirongwa cheMakore Mashanu che13" Chirongwa Chakakosha cheSainzi neTekinoroji muMunda weTekinoroji Yekugadzira Yepamusoro muna 2017, uye "Chirongwa Chekuita cheKuvandudzwa kweIndasitiri yeZvikamu zveMagetsi Yekutanga (2021-2023)" muna 2021 zvese zvinopa rutsigiro rwakakosha pakufambira mberi kwetekinoroji nekuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri elaser. Mumakore achangopfuura, mapurovhinzi nemaguta akasiyana-siyana akaita basa rakakodzera kusimudzira kuvandudzwa kwelaser.
Kudiwa kwemusika kunotungamira kukura kweindasitiri yelaser. Munhevedzano yenyika yazvino yekugadzirisa chimiro chemaindasitiri nekushandura maitiro, indasitiri yelaser ine mikana yakakura yemusika. China ndiyo yega nyika pasi rose ine mapoka ese makumi mana nerimwe emaindasitiri, mapoka epakati zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe nerimwe uye mapoka madiki mazana mashanu nemakumi maviri nemashanu emaindasitiri. Inogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvese zvemaindasitiri kubva pazvipfeko, shangu nemasokisi kusvika kune ndege, kubva pazvinhu zvakagadziriswa nezvicherwa kusvika kumichina yemaindasitiri. Hwaro hweindasitiri yedu yekugadzira ine cheni yeindasitiri yakasimba, yakakwana. Kugadzira kwaive chikamu chimwe muzvitatu cheGDP yeChina muna 2019. "Chimiro chisina kunaka" chinopa mukana wemusika wekuvandudza indasitiri yelaser yeChina. Panguva imwe chete, nyika yedu ine cheni yeindasitiri yekugadzira yakasimba, inewo hupfumi hutsva hweInternet hunomiririrwa neShenzhen. Nzvimbo huru yeindasitiri yeOEM uye kudiwa kwekugadzirisa laser kunoita kuti nyika yedu ive musika mukuru wekushandisa laser pasi rose. Parizvino, chikamu chekushandiswa kwelaser muindasitiri yekugadzira, kunyanya indasitiri yekugadzira michina, chakaderera, 30% chete. Chikamu chekushandiswa kwelaser muindasitiri yekugadzira michina muUnited States, Japan neGermany chinodarika 40%, pakati pacho Germany iri pa46%, 16 muzana yepamusoro kupfuura China. Saka nzvimbo yekushandisa yakakura, ichasimudzira kukura nekukurumidza kwelaser. Parizvino, michina yekugadzira laser inoita basa guru mukusimudzira kusimudzira maindasitiri echinyakare. Boka remakambani ekugadzira michina yekugadzira laser rinovimba netekinoroji itsva yekugadzirisa uye mhando yepamusoro yemidziyo kuti vawane maodha akakwana ekukura nekukurumidza mumusika wemasimba matsva neekare ekutyaira. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe makambani ekugadzira akaravira kutapira kwekusimudzira nekuvandudza, haachagutsikani nekubatanidzwa kwemukati menyika, uye anotsvaga nekushingaira kuwanikwa kwezviwanikwa zvebhizinesi relaser remhando yepamusoro kubva kune dzimwe nyika, uye anoronga kupinda mumunda wekugadzirisa nemazvo. Mumakore gumi apfuura, nzvimbo yekugadzira laser yave iri antenna yakakosha kumabhizinesi emidziyo kupa masevhisi akawedzerwa. Kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwemasevhisi enzvimbo, inogona kusangana nenguva nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzirisa uye kuwedzera viscosity yevatengi. Mazuva ano, michina mikuru yakawanda yakagadzirwa uye yakashandiswa mukufambisa njanji, ndege, kuvaka ngarava nedzimwe indasitiri. Zvinotarisirwa kuti kubva mugore ra2020, marudzi ese emapuratifomu ekugadzira ma cloud akavakirwa paInternet yemaindasitiri achaburitsa kukosha kwawo zvishoma nezvishoma, nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa ma laser dzichaita basa rakakura pasi pekutsigirwa kwemapuratifomu ekugadzira ma cloud, uye pamwe ne "Belt and Road" kuenda kuSoutheast Asia, Middle East, South America nedzimwe nzvimbo. Parizvino, nyika iri kupinda zvishoma nezvishoma munguva ye5G. Nekuburitswa kwemafoni e5G nezvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinopfekwa zvakanaka, mari inoshandiswa nevatengi muindasitiri yemagetsi evatengi yakawedzera zvakanyanya, uye budiriro yeindasitiri yakawedzera zvakanyanya. Kushandiswa kwe laser processing uye automation muindasitiri yemagetsi evatengi kwave kuchiwedzera. Indasitiri ye laser yakawana kukura nekukurumidza mu brittle material processing, special material welding, PCB processing nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakakosha. Mamiriro matsva ekushandisa uye kudiwa kwemidziyo yekugadzirisa yakaunzwa netekinoroji ye5G zvakaunza mikana mikuru yebhizinesi kune vanopa michina ye laser. Mumakore makumi maviri anotevera, indasitiri ye laser ichakurumidza kukura uye ichaenda zvakananga kune imwe trillion output value.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-17-2023
