Isimiso Somshini Wokusika We-Laser-Oxyfuel Hybrid

Ukusikwa okuhlanganisiwe kwelangabi le-laser kuvame ukubhekisela ku-“ukusika i-oxygen nge-laser", okungenye yezinqubo eziyinhloko zokusika nge-laser (ezinye ezimbili ukusika ngokuncibilikisa nge-laser kanye nokusika nge-laser vaporization). Akusho "ilangabi elikhiqizwa nge-laser," kodwa kunalokho inqubo ehlanganisiwe esebenzisa i-laser njengomthombo wokushisa, ehambisana nomoya-mpilo ohlanzekile njengegesi yokusiza, ukuqala ukusabela okunamandla kokushisa kwe-oxidation (okungukuthi, "ilangabi") ezinsimbini (ikakhulukazi izinto zensimbi) ngesikhathi senqubo yokusika. Le nqubo isebenzisa amandla okushisa avela ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali ukuze ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kokusika.

Okulandelayo, sizochaza isimiso sayo ngokuningiliziwe ngezindlela eziningana:

Isimiso Esiyinhloko: Ukusha Kwensimbi Okulawulwayo Okubangelwa Yi-Laser

1. Indima ye-laser (ukusha nokulungisa):

• Ugongolo lwe-laser olunamandla aphezulu lugxile ebusweni bomsebenzi, okubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa lensimbi ekhanyisiwe likhuphuke ngokushesha liye endaweni yalo yokushisa (cishe ama-1350°C ensimbini).
• Ugongolo lwe-laser lunikeza umthombo wokushisa oqhubekayo, onembile, onamandla aphezulu ongagcini nje ngokushisa ukusabela, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ogcina indawo yokusabela ekushiseni okuphezulu.

2. Indima yomoya-mpilo (into evuthayo kanye ne-scavenger):

• Umfudlana owodwa we-oxygen enomfutho ophezulu, nobumsulwa obuphezulu ufakwa nge-coaxial ngomsebe we-laser endaweni yensimbi eshiswa yi-laser.
• Insimbi (Fe) efika endaweni yokushisa kanye nomoya-mpilo (O₂) ibhekana nokusabela okunamandla kwe-oxidation exothermic (ukusha):4Fe 3O₂ → 2Fe2O, ukushisa
• Lokhu kusabela kukhipha ukushisa okuningi (cishe amandla aphindwe kathathu kuya kahlanu kune-laser uqobo!), Lesi yisihluthulelo samandla "ahlanganisiwe". Lokhu kushisa okwengeziwe kuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla okuncibilikisa/ukukhiqiza igesi.

3. Inqubo yokubambisana ehlanganisiwe:

• Ukushisa nokushisa: I-laser iqala ngokushisa insimbi yendawo kuze kufike endaweni yokushisa.
• I-exothermic yokushisa: ukujova komoya-mpilo, insimbi isha ngamandla, ikhiqiza ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu kunalokho okunganikezwa yi-laser ngokwayo, incibilikise ngokushesha noma ifake i-oxidize insimbi, futhi yakhe i-slag (ikakhulukazi i-Feo ne-Fe3o4).
• Ukufutha nokwakha: Enye indima ebalulekile yokugeleza kwegesi ye-oxygen enomfutho ophezulu ukufutha i-oxide yensimbi encibilikisiwe (i-slag) ekhiqizwa ukusabela okuvela kumthungo wokusika ngamandla “njengommese womoya” ukuze kwakheke indawo yokusika ehlanzekile, ebushelelezi.

Okuqhubekayo: Ugongolo lwe-laser luhamba phambili, lufudumeza indawo entsha njalo, futhi ukusabela kokusha kulandela ukugxila kwe-laser phambili naphansi, futhi ekugcineni kungene endaweni yokusebenza bese kwakha ukusika.

Le ndlela "ehlanganisiwe" iphumelela kanjani kangaka? (Inzuzo)

1. Amandla aqinile okusika amapuleti aminyene:Ngensimbi yekhabhoni (njengensimbi ephansi yekhabhoni), ukusika i-oksijini yelaser kuyindlela engabizi kakhulu futhi esheshayo yokusika amapuleti aphakathi namakhulu (ngokuvamile angaphezu kuka-6mm, afinyelela ku-30mm noma akhulu kakhulu). Ukusika okumsulwa kokuncibilikisa i-laser (njengokungathi kune-nitrogen) kudinga ukuthembela ngokuphelele emandleni e-laser ukuze kuncibilikiswe insimbi, ubuso bepuleti eliqinile bubonakala bunganele.

2. Isivinini sokusika esisheshayo:ngenxa yokwengezwa kwamandla amakhemikhali okusabela kokushiswa kwensimbi, inani lamandla afakiwe liphezulu kakhulu kunelamandla e-laser eyodwa, ngakho-ke isivinini sokusika sishesha kakhulu kunesika sokuncibilikisa ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo.

3Izidingo zamandla emishini ziphansi kakhulu:ukusika insimbi yekhabhoni efanayo, amandla e-laser adingekayo ekusikeni i-oksijini ye-laser angaba ngaphansi kakhulu kunalawo okusika okuncibilikisa i-laser okumsulwa, okunciphisa izindleko zemishini kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

4. Ikhwalithi yokusika enhle:Kumapuleti aqinile ensimbi yekhabhoni, kungatholakala indawo yokusika enokuma okuhle kanye ne-slag encane (isimo esifanele).

Izici zenqubo kanye nemikhawulo

1. Ukukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo:

• Ngokuyinhloko ngezinsimbi ezisabelayo: Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezivame kakhulu nezifanele kakhulu yinsimbi yekhabhoni.

• Akufanele insimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium, ithusi, njll.:
• Insimbi engagqwali: i-chromium (Cr) nezinye izakhi zizokwakha ama-oxide aphezulu okuncibilika (njenge-Cr2O3), okuvimbela ukusabela kwe-oxidation ukuthi kuqhubeke, futhi i-slag akulula ukuyiphephula, okuholela ekusikeni okuqinile kanye nokulenga kwe-slag okukhulu.
• I-Aluminium nethusi: iphuzu lokuncibilika kwama-oxide ayo (i-Al2O3, i-CuO) liphakeme kakhulu kunele-substrate uqobo, limboza ubuso njengegobolondo eliqinile, livimbela ukusabela ukuthi kuqhubeke, futhi libonisa ukukhanya okuphezulu kwe-laser.

2. Izici zokusika ubuso:

• Ngenxa yokusabela kwe-oxidation, ubuso bokusika buzoba nesendlalelo se-oxide (esifana nokwelashwa kwe-bluing) futhi singase sibe lukhuni kancane (uma kuqhathaniswa nohlangothi olukhanyayo lokusika kwe-nitrogen).
• Kungase kube khona ukulenga okuncane kwe-slag phansi, okudingeka kuncishiswe ngokwenza ngcono amapharamitha enqubo.

3. Indawo ethintekile ekushiseni inkulu kakhulu:ukusabela kwe-oxidation okunamandla kuzokhiqiza ukushisa okwengeziwe, okuholela ekutheni indawo ethintekile ekushiseni kwento yokusebenza ibe banzi kuneyokuncibilika nokusika nge-laser, futhi ukuguquguquka kokushisa okuphelele kwento yokusebenza kungaba kukhulu kancane.

Ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinqubo zokusika

VS. Ukusika i-nitrogen nge-laser emsulwa (ukusika okuncibilikisayo):

• Ukusikwa kwe-nitrogen: nge-laser melting metal, ukuphefumula ukuncibilika nge-nitrogen enengcindezi ephezulu. Akukho ukusabela kwe-oxidation, ingxenye iyakhanya futhi ayinayo ungqimba lwe-oxide, kodwa ijubane lihamba kancane, ukusetshenziswa kwegesi kukhulu, futhi izindleko ziphezulu. Ifanele insimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium, njll., futhi ayibizi kakhulu insimbi yekhabhoni ejiyile.
• Ukusikwa kwe-oksijini: ukwengeza ukusabela kwe-oxidation, isivinini esisheshayo, izindleko eziphansi, kufanelekile ngensimbi yekhabhoni, kodwa ingxenye inesendlalelo se-oxide.

VS. Ukusika ilangabi lendabuko (ukusika i-oxyacetylene):

• Ilangabi lendabuko: ngokushisa ilangabi kusengaphambili, ukusika okumsulwa kokushisa komoya-mpilo. Ukushisa kancane, ukuqhekeka okubanzi, ukunemba okuphansi kanye nokuguquguquka okukhulu kokushisa.
• Ukusikwa kwe-oksijini ye-laser: ngokunemba kwe-laser okunamandla aphezulu, ukushisa okusheshayo, umthungo wokusika umncane kakhulu (nobubanzi bendawo ye-laser), ukunemba okuphezulu, i-sma
• I-ll slope, umthelela omncane wokushisa, inguqulo yendabuko yokusika ilangabi, yokuthuthukisa ngokunemba okuphezulu.

Isifinyezo

Umgomo oyinhloko womshini wokusika we-laser flame composite (laser oxygen) ukusebenzisa i-laser beam enamandla aphezulu ukuze kuvuthe ngokunembile futhi kugcinwe ukusabela kokushisa okunamandla kwensimbi (insimbi) endaweni ehlanzekile ye-oxygen, futhi kuhlanganiswe amandla okushisa e-laser namandla amakhemikhali e-oxidation yensimbi ukuze kufezwe umphumela wokusika "1 1>2". Ihlanganisa kahle izinzuzo zokunemba okuphezulu kanye nokugxila okuphezulu kwe-laser nezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokushisa kwe-oxygen, okwenza kube inqubo eyinhloko engenakuphikwa emkhakheni wokusika ishidi lensimbi yekhabhoni eliphakathi nelinobukhulu.