Ka'idar Injin Yanke Laser-Oxyfuel Hybrid

Yankewar haɗakar harshen wuta ta Laser yawanci yana nufin "yanke iskar oxygen ta laser", wanda shine ɗayan manyan hanyoyin yanke laser (sauran biyu sune yankewar narkewar laser da yankewar tururi na laser). Ba yana nufin "wutar da laser ke samarwa ba," amma tsari ne na haɗin gwiwa wanda ke amfani da laser a matsayin tushen zafi, wanda aka ƙara masa iskar oxygen mai tsabta a matsayin mai taimako, don fara aikin ƙonewar iskar shaka mai ƙarfi (watau, "wutar wuta") a cikin ƙarfe (galibi kayan ƙarfe) yayin aikin yankewa. Wannan tsari yana amfani da makamashin zafi daga amsawar sinadarai don haɓaka aikin yankewa sosai.

Na gaba, za mu yi bayani dalla-dalla game da ƙa'idarta daga fannoni da dama:

Babban Ka'ida: Konewar Karfe Mai Sarrafa da Laser ke haifarwa

1. Matsayin laser (kunnawa da kulawa):

• Ana mayar da hankali kan wani haske mai ƙarfin gaske na laser a saman kayan aikin, wanda ke sa zafin ƙarfen da aka haskaka ya tashi da sauri zuwa wurin kunna shi (kimanin 1350°C ga ƙarfe).
• Hasken laser yana samar da tushen zafi mai ci gaba, daidaitacce, mai ƙarfi wanda ba wai kawai yana kunna amsawar ba, har ma mafi mahimmanci yana kula da yankin amsawar a babban zafin jiki.

2. Matsayin iskar oxygen (mai ƙonawa da mai tara abu):

• Ana saka iskar oxygen mai ƙarfi da tsafta mai ƙarfi sau 1 a cikin bututun laser ɗin tare da hasken laser ɗin a kan wurin ƙarfe da laser ɗin ke dumamawa.
• Iron (Fe) wanda ya isa wurin kunna wuta da iskar oxygen (O₂) yana fuskantar mummunan tasirin iskar shaka ta waje (konewa):4Fe3O₂ → 2Fe2O, zafi
• Wannan amsawar tana fitar da zafi mai yawa (kimanin sau 3-5 na ƙarfin laser ɗin kanta!), Wannan shine mabuɗin haɗa kuzarin "haɗa". Wannan ƙarin zafi yana ƙara ƙarfin narkewa/haɗa iskar gas gaba ɗaya.

3. Tsarin haɗin gwiwa mai haɗaka:

• Dumamawa da kunna wuta: Laser ɗin yana fara dumama ƙarfe na gida har zuwa inda wuta ke tashi.
• Konewa ta waje: allurar iskar oxygen, ƙarfen yana ƙonewa da ƙarfi, yana samar da zafi mafi girma fiye da yadda laser ɗin da kansa zai iya bayarwa, yana narkewa cikin sauri ko ma yana lalata ƙarfen, kuma yana samar da slag (galibi Feo da Fe3o4).
• Busawa da kuma samar da iskar oxygen: Wani muhimmin aiki na kwararar iskar oxygen mai matsin lamba shine busa narkakken ƙarfe mai narkewa (slag) wanda amsawar da aka samu daga ɗinkin yankewa da ƙarfi kamar "wukar iska" don samar da wuri mai tsabta da santsi.

Ci gaba: Hasken laser yana motsawa a gaba, yana ci gaba da dumama sabon yanki, kuma amsawar ƙonewa tana bin mayar da hankali kan laser gaba da ƙasa, kuma a ƙarshe yana shiga cikin aikin kuma ya samar da yankewa.

Ta yaya wannan hanyar "haɗaka" take da inganci haka? (Amfani)

1. Ƙarfin ikon yanke faranti masu kauri:Ga ƙarfen carbon (kamar ƙaramin ƙarfe na carbon), yanke iskar oxygen ta laser ita ce hanya mafi inganci da sauri don yanke faranti matsakaici da kauri (yawanci fiye da 6mm, har zuwa 30mm ko ma kauri). Yankewar narkewar laser mai tsabta (kamar tare da nitrogen) yana buƙatar dogaro gaba ɗaya akan makamashin laser don narke ƙarfe, fuskar farantin mai kauri da alama bai isa ba.

2. Saurin yankewa da sauri:saboda ƙarin makamashin sinadarai na amsawar konewar ƙarfe, jimlar shigar kuzarin ya fi na ƙarfin laser guda ɗaya, don haka saurin yankewa ya fi sauri fiye da yankewar narkewa a ƙarƙashin ikon iri ɗaya.

3Bukatun wutar lantarki na kayan aiki ba su da yawa:Don yanke irin wannan ƙarfe na carbon, ƙarfin laser da ake buƙata don yanke iskar oxygen na laser na iya zama ƙasa da na yankewar narkewar laser mai tsabta, rage farashin kayan aiki da amfani da makamashi.

4. Kyakkyawan ingancin yankewa:Ga faranti masu kauri na ƙarfen carbon, ana iya samun wurin yankewa mai kyau a tsaye da kuma ƙarancin tarkace (yanayin da ya dace).

Halayen tsari da ƙuntatawa

1. Zaɓin abu:

• Mafi mahimmanci ga ƙarfe mai amsawa: Mafi kyawun kayan aiki kuma mafi dacewa shine ƙarfe na carbon.

• Bai dace da bakin karfe, aluminum, jan karfe, da sauransu ba:
• Bakin ƙarfe: chromium (Cr) da sauran abubuwa za su samar da sinadarin oxides masu narkewa sosai (kamar Cr2O3), wanda ke hana ci gaba da aikin iskar shaka, kuma slag ɗin ba shi da sauƙin shaƙa, wanda ke haifar da mummunan saman yankewa da kuma mummunan rataye slag.
• Aluminum da jan ƙarfe: wurin narkewar oxides ɗinsa (Al2O3,CuO) ya fi na substrate ɗin kansa girma, yana rufe saman kamar harsashi mai tauri, yana hana amsawar ci gaba, kuma yana da ƙarfin haske mai yawa ga laser.

2. Halayen saman yankewa:

• Saboda tasirin iskar shaka, saman yankewar zai sami layin oxide (kamar maganin bluing) kuma yana iya zama ɗan kauri (idan aka kwatanta da gefen haske na yanke nitrogen).
• Akwai yiwuwar samun ɗan ƙaramin tarkace da ke rataye a ƙasa, wanda ake buƙatar rage shi ta hanyar inganta sigogin aikin.

3. Yankin da zafi ya shafa ya fi girma:Mummunan tasirin iskar shaka zai haifar da ƙarin zafi, wanda ke haifar da faɗin yankin da abin ya shafa na aikin ya fi na narkewa da yanke laser, kuma gabaɗayan lalacewar zafi na aikin na iya ɗan fi girma.

Kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin yankewa

VS. Tsarkakken yanke nitrogen na laser (yankan narkewa):

• Yanke sinadarin nitrogen: ta hanyar amfani da na'urar laser, tana fitar da narkewar da sinadarin nitrogen mai matsin lamba. Babu wani abu da ke haifar da iskar shaka, sashen yana da haske kuma babu wani abu mai kauri kamar iskar shaka, amma saurin yana da jinkiri, yawan amfani da iskar gas yana da yawa, kuma farashin yana da yawa. Ya dace da bakin karfe, aluminum, da sauransu, kuma ba shi da tsada ga ƙarfe mai kauri kamar iskar shaka.
• Yanke iskar oxygen: ƙara yawan iskar oxygen, saurin sauri, ƙarancin farashi, ya dace da ƙarfen carbon, amma ɓangaren yana da layin oxide.

VS. Yanke harshen wuta na gargajiya (yanke oxyacetylene):

• Harshen wuta na gargajiya: ta hanyar dumama wuta, yanke ƙonewar iskar oxygen. Ƙara zafi a hankali, faɗin rami, ƙarancin daidaito da kuma babban canjin zafi.
• Yankewar iskar oxygen ta Laser: tare da daidaiton laser mai ƙarfi, dumamawa da sauri, yankan ɗinki yana da kunkuntar sosai (kuma diamita na tabo na laser), daidaito mai girma, sma
• gangara ta ll, ƙaramin tasirin zafi, ita ce sabuwar hanyar zamani ta yanke harshen wuta, wacce aka saba amfani da ita a fannin haɓaka harshen wuta.

Takaitaccen Bayani

Babban ƙa'idar injin yanke harshen wuta na laser (oxygen laser) ita ce amfani da hasken laser mai ƙarfi don kunna wuta daidai da kuma kiyaye tashin hankali na ƙonewa na ƙarfe (ƙarfe) a cikin yanayi mai tsabta na iskar oxygen, da kuma haɗa kuzarin zafi na laser da makamashin sinadarai na iskar oxygen na ƙarfe don cimma tasirin yankewa na "1 1>2". Ya haɗu da fa'idodin babban daidaito da babban mayar da hankali na laser tare da fa'idodin babban inganci da ƙarancin farashin ƙona iskar oxygen, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama babban tsari a fagen yanke takarda na ƙarfe mai matsakaici da kauri.