Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni ye-laser yaseShayina ithuthuke ngokushesha, imakethe yezicelo ikhule kancane kancane, futhi izinkinga eziningi ziye zaphuka, ubuchwepheshe obuningana obuyinhloko buvuliwe, futhi kancane kancane kususa isimo "sokunamathela" kwamanye amazwe. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni ye-laser, abantu abaningi baqala ukunaka ucwaningo nentuthuko, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-laser. Phakathi kwazo, “I-laser yenzani emzimbeni womuntu?”
Imiphumela ye-laser emzimbeni womuntu ihlanganisa kakhulu ukulimala kwamehlo kanye nokulimala kwesikhumba.
Ukulimala esikhumbeni somuntu Ngenxa yesakhiwo saso somzimba, isikhumba somuntu singakha ungqimba oluphelele lokuvikela, olungadlala indima ethile yokuvikela empilweni yansuku zonke. Uma amandla e-laser enkulu kakhulu ukuba angakhanyisa esikhumbeni, kuzobangela ukulimala kwezicubu zesikhumba. Nakuba lo monakalo ungalungiswa yizicubu zesikhumba ngokwazo, umsebenzi wokuvikela wezicubu zesikhumba ezilungisiwe uyancishiswa. Izinga lomonakalo we-laser esikhumbeni lithinteka kakhulu yinani lokuvezwa yi-laser, ubude be-laser, umbala wesikhumba kanye nomswakama wezicubu. Inani elikhulu lokuhlola lifakazele ukuthi ubuningi bamandla e-laser buhlobene kahle nezinga lomonakalo wezicubu zesikhumba lapho i-laser ikhanyisa isikhumba. Kukhona umkhawulo othile wokuphepha wokumuncwa kwamandla e-laser yisikhumba somuntu. Lapho umkhawulo wokuphepha udluliwe, isikhumba somuntu (ingxenye ekhanyiswe yi-laser) sizobonakala sibomvu, siqhuma, sikhipha i-carbonization, sibila, sishisa noma sishiswa ngisho nokuhwamuka ngenxa yokwanda kokukhanya kwe-laser. Akunzima ukwazi ukuthi lowo monakalo we-laser esikhumbeni somuntu ikakhulukazi ngenxa yomphumela wokushisa we-laser.
Nakuba umonakalo obangelwa ukushiswa nge-laser esikhumbeni somuntu unganele ukuthinta isakhiwo sokusebenza kwezicubu zesikhumba, kusadingeka ukuqinisa ukuvikelwa kwesikhumba somuntu ngesikhathi sokufundisa nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, futhi ugqoke izingubo zokuzivikela njengoba kudingeka ukuze unciphise umonakalo we-laser esikhumbeni somuntu.
Umonakalo emehlweni Uma umonakalo we-laser emzimbeni womuntu, uwumonakalo omkhulu emehlweni. Iso lomuntu lingumzimba ocishe ube yindilinga owakhiwe udonga lweso, okuqukethwe yi-eyeball, kanye ne-retina. I-cornea kanye ne-sclera, iris kanye ne-choroid, i-retina ukuthungwa okuhlukene kathathu kodonga lweso. Okuqukethwe kwamehlo kufaka phakathi i-crystal, i-aqueous humor kanye nomzimba we-vitreous. Uhlelo lokubuyisa amehlo lwe-eyeball luqukethe i-cornea kanye nokuqukethwe kweso, futhi ngenxa yokucaca kwalo, ukukhanya akuvimbeki lapho kudlula. I-cornea, iris, i-crystal, umzimba we-vitreous kanye ne-aqueous humor ndawonye kwakha umzimba womuntu uthola uhlelo lokukhanya olunembile. Uhlelo lokubuyisa amehlo lunezici zokumuncwa okuphansi, ukudlulisa okuphezulu kanye nekhono lokugxila eliqinile, okuvumela i-laser ukuthi idlule ohlelweni lokubuyisa amehlo iye kwi-retina lapho ingena esweni. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuminyana kwamandla e-laser kwi-retina kungandiswa ngezinkulungwane noma ngisho namashumi ezinkulungwane zezikhathi. Ukushisa okweqile kwe-retina kuzoholela ekuqhekekeni kwamaseli e-photoreceptor, okuholela ekulimaleni okungenakuguqulwa ngisho nokungaboni unomphela. Umonakalo we-laser ye-infrared esweni uhloselwe kakhulu i-cornea, kuyilapho i-laser ye-ultraviolet imuncwa kakhulu yi-crystal. Ukulimala kwe-cornea, kungabangela i-keratitis kanye ne-conjunctivitis, abalimele bazophinde bahambisane nokwesaba ukukhanya, ukudabuka, ukulahlekelwa umbono, ukuminyana nezinye izimpawu. Uma i-crystal yonakele, izobonakala inamafu.
Njengoba umonakalo enhlamvini yeso obangelwa ukushiswa ngemisebe ye-laser ungenakulungiseka, kufanele sibheke ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuvikelweni kwamehlo, sigqoke izibuko zamehlo, sigcine ibanga elithile eliphephile, futhi silandele ngokuqinile imithetho nemigomo efanele, ukuze sigweme ukulimala. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-laser ukuze isebenze, hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza kokukhanya, bese uvala indawo lapho ukuvuza kokukhanya kungenzeka khona; Indawo yokusebenza kufanele igcine ukukhanya okwanele, futhi izakhiwo zokuvikela ezenziwe ngezinto ezimunca ukukhanya kufanele zikhethwe nxazonke; Abantu kufanele bahlole izibuko zokuphepha kanye neyunifomu yokuzivikela ngaphambi kokusebenza nge-laser. Ngamafuphi, i-laser ingadala umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa ngezinga elikhulu singakugwema ngezindlela zesayensi zokulawula.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-16-2023
