Ni iki laser ikora ku mubiri w'umuntu?

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, inganda za laser zo mu Bushinwa zateye imbere vuba, isoko ry’ibikoresho bya laser ryagiye rikura buhoro buhoro, kandi ibibazo byinshi byarasenyutse, ikoranabuhanga ry’ingenzi ryarafunguwe, kandi buhoro buhoro rikuraho ikibazo cyo "gufatirwa" n’ibihugu by’amahanga. Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda za laser, abantu benshi batangira kwita ku bushakashatsi n’iterambere, ikorwa n’ikoreshwa rya laser. Muri zo harimo: “Ni iki laser ikora ku mubiri w’umuntu?”

Ingaruka za laser ku mubiri w'umuntu zirimo kwangiza amaso no kwangiza uruhu.

Kwangirika k'uruhu rw'umuntu Kubera imiterere yarwo, uruhu rw'umuntu rushobora gukora urwego rwuzuye rwo kurinda, rushobora kugira uruhare runaka mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Iyo imbaraga za laser ari nini cyane ku buryo zitabasha kumurikira uruhu, bizatera kwangirika kw'ingingo z'uruhu. Nubwo iyi ndwara ishobora gusanwa n'ingingo z'uruhu ubwazo, imikorere yo kurinda ingingo z'uruhu yasubiwemo iragabanuka. Urugero rw'ibyangiritse ku ruhu hakoreshejwe laser ruterwa ahanini n'ingano y'ibyangiritse kuri laser, uburebure bw'uburebure bwa laser, ibara ry'uruhu n'ubushuhe bw'ingingo. Igerageza ryinshi ryagaragaje ko ubucucike bw'imbaraga za laser bufitanye isano ryiza n'urugero rw'ibyangiritse ku ruhu iyo laser imurikiye uruhu. Hari urwego runaka rw'umutekano rwo kwinjiza ingufu za laser n'uruhu rw'umuntu. Iyo urwego rw'umutekano rurenze, uruhu rw'umuntu (igice cyamurikiwe na laser) ruzagaragara nk'urushyuha, rushyuha, rushyuha, rushyuha, rushyuha cyangwa ruhinduka umwuka bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'imirasire ya laser. Ntibigoye kumenya ko kwangirika kwa laser ku ruhu rw'umuntu bitewe ahanini n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bwa laser.

Nubwo kwangirika guterwa n’imirasire ya laser ku ruhu rw’umuntu bidahagije kugira ngo bigire ingaruka ku mikorere rusange y’ingingo z’uruhu, birakenewe gukomeza uburinzi bw’uruhu rw’umuntu mu gihe cyo kwigisha no gukoresha buri munsi, no kwambara imyenda yo kwirinda nk’uko bikenewe kugira ngo bigabanye kwangirika kwa laser ku ruhu rw’umuntu.

Kwangirika kw'amaso Iyo hakoreshejwe laser ku mubiri w'umuntu, ni cyo cyangiritse gikomeye cyane ku maso. Ijisho ry'umuntu ni umubiri umeze nk'uruziga ugizwe n'urukuta rw'ijisho, ibiri mu mboni y'ijisho, na retina. Imboni y'ijisho na sclera, iris na choroid, retina ifite imiterere itatu itandukanye y'urukuta rw'ijisho. Ibikubiye mu maso birimo kristalo, amazi n'umubiri wa vitreous. Sisitemu yo gusubiza inyuma y'ijisho igizwe na cornea n'ibiri mu jisho, kandi kubera ko igaragara neza, urumuri ntirubangamirwa iyo runyuzemo. Imboni y'ijisho, iris, kristalo, umubiri wa vitreous hamwe n'amazi ahumyo hamwe bigize umubiri w'umuntu uhabwa sisitemu yo kwerekana urumuri neza. Sisitemu yo gusubiza inyuma ifite imiterere yo kubura ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza urumuri, kohereza cyane no kwibanda cyane, ibi bikaba bituma laser inyura muri sisitemu yo gusubiza inyuma ijya muri retina iyo yinjiye mu jisho. Muri iki gihe, ubucucike bw'ingufu za laser kuri retina bushobora kwiyongeraho ibihumbi cyangwa ndetse n'ibihumbi by'inshuro. Ubushyuhe bukabije bwa retina buzatuma uturemangingo twa photoreceptor dupfa, bigatera kwangirika ku buryo budasubirwaho ndetse no guhuma burundu. Kwangirika kwa laser ya infrared iri kure ku jisho ahanini biba bigamije kugaragara ku mboni, mu gihe laser ya ultraviolet iba yinjizwa cyane na kristale. Gukomereka kwa cornea, bishobora gutera keratite na conjunctivitis, uwakomeretse azaherekezwa no gutinya urumuri, amarira, kutabona neza, kuziba kw'amaso n'ibindi bimenyetso. Iyo kristale yangiritse, izagaragara nk'ibicu.

Kubera ko kwangirika kw'ijisho guterwa n'imirasire ya laser bidasubirwaho, tugomba guha agaciro gakomeye uburinzi bw'amaso, kwambara indorerwamo z'amaso, kugumana intera runaka itekanye, no gukurikiza amategeko n'amabwiriza bireba, kugira ngo twirinde cyane imvune. Mbere yo gukoresha laser mu gukora, reba niba hari urumuri rusohoka, kandi ufunge aho urumuri rusohoka; Ahantu ho gukorera hagomba kugumana urumuri ruhagije, kandi hagatoranywa inyubako zirinda zikozwe mu bikoresho bikurura urumuri; Abantu bagomba gusuzuma indorerwamo z'umutekano n'imyenda yo kwirinda mbere yo gukoresha laser. Muri make, laser ishobora kwangiza umubiri w'umuntu cyane, ariko ku rugero runini dushobora kwirinda binyuze mu buryo bwa siyansi.