Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini le-laser laseTshayina liphuhlile ngokukhawuleza, imakethi yesicelo ikhule kancinci kancinci, kwaye iingxaki ezininzi ziye zaphulwa, uninzi lwetekhnoloji eziphambili ziye zavulwa, kwaye kancinci kancinci zasusa ingxaki "yokunamathela" kumazwe angaphandle. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini le-laser, abantu abaninzi baqala ukunikel' ingqalelo kuphando nophuhliso, ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-laser. Phakathi kwazo, "Iyenza ntoni i-laser emzimbeni womntu?"
Imiphumo yelaser emzimbeni womntu ibandakanya ukonakala kwamehlo kunye nokonakala kolusu.
Ukonakala kwesikhumba somntu Ngenxa yesakhiwo saso somzimba, ulusu lomntu lunokwenza umaleko opheleleyo wokukhusela, onokudlala indima ethile yokukhusela kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Xa amandla e-laser enkulu kakhulu ukuba angakhanyisa eluswini, aya kubangela umonakalo kwizicubu zolusu. Nangona lo monakalo unokulungiswa zizicubu zolusu ngokwazo, umsebenzi wokukhusela wezicubu zolusu ezilungisiweyo uyancitshiswa. Ubungakanani bomonakalo kwi-laser eluswini buchaphazeleka kakhulu bubungakanani bokuvezwa yi-laser, ubude be-laser, umbala wolusu kunye nokufuma kwezicubu. Inani elikhulu lezilingo liye labonisa ukuba uxinano lwamandla e-laser luhambelana kakuhle nobungakanani bomonakalo kwizicubu zolusu xa i-laser ikhanyisa ulusu. Kukho umda othile wokhuseleko wokufunxwa kwamandla e-laser lulusu lomntu. Xa umda wokhuseleko udlulile, ulusu lomntu (inxalenye ekhanyiswe yi-laser) luya kubonakala lubomvu, luqhuma, lukhanyiswa, lubila, luvutha okanye luba ngumphunga ngenxa yokwanda kokukhanya kwe-laser. Akunzima ukwazi ukuba loo monakalo kwisikhumba somntu ngenxa yempembelelo yobushushu be-laser.
Nangona umonakalo obangelwe kukukhanyiswa nge-laser kulusu lomntu unganelanga ukuchaphazela ulwakhiwo olupheleleyo lwezicubu zolusu, kusafuneka ukuqinisa ukhuseleko lolusu lomntu ngexesha lokufundisa nokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, kwaye unxibe iimpahla zokuzikhusela njengoko kufuneka ukunciphisa umonakalo we-laser kulusu lomntu.
Umonakalo emehlweni Xa umonakalo welaser emzimbeni womntu, ngowona monakalo mkhulu emehlweni. Iliso lomntu ngumzimba ophantse ube yingqukuva oquka udonga lweliso, umxholo weliso, kunye neretina. I-cornea kunye ne-sclera, iris kunye ne-choroid, i-retina zizinto ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zodonga lweliso. Umxholo weliso uquka ikristale, i-aqueous humor kunye nomzimba we-vitreous. Inkqubo yokurhawuzelela yeliso iqulathe zombini i-cornea kunye nomxholo weliso, kwaye ngenxa yokucaca kwayo, ukukhanya akuthintelwa xa kudlula. I-cornea, iris, i-crystal, umzimba we-vitreous kunye ne-aqueous humor kunye zenza umzimba womntu ufumana inkqubo yokubona echanekileyo yokukhanya. Inkqubo yokurhawuzelela ineempawu zokufunxa okuphantsi, ukudlulisa okuphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukugxila okunamandla, okuvumela i-laser ukuba idlule kwinkqubo yokurhawuzelela iye kwi-retina xa ingena elisweni. Ngeli xesha, uxinano lwamandla elaser kwi-retina lunokwandiswa ngamawaka okanye amashumi amawaka amaxesha. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo be-retina buya kukhokelela kwi-necrosis yeeseli ze-photoreceptor, okubangela umonakalo ongenakuguqulwa kunye nobumfama obungapheliyo. Umonakalo we-laser ye-infrared ekude elisweni ujoliswe kakhulu kwi-cornea, ngelixa i-laser ye-ultraviolet ifunxwa kakhulu yi-crystal. Ukulimala kwe-cornea, kunokubangela i-keratitis kunye ne-conjunctivitis, umntu olimeleyo uya kukhatshwa kukoyika ukukhanya, iinyembezi, ukulahleka kokubona, ukuxinana kunye nezinye iimpawu. Xa i-crystal yonakele, iya kubonakala ngathi inamafu.
Ekubeni umonakalo obangelwa kukukhanyiswa yi-laser awunakuguqulwa, kufuneka siwubeke kwindawo ebaluleke kakhulu ukhuseleko lwamehlo, sinxibe iiglasi zokujonga, sigcine umgama othile okhuselekileyo, kwaye silandele imithetho nemigaqo efanelekileyo, ukuze siphephe ukwenzakala. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-laser xa usebenza, jonga ukuba kukho ukuvuza kokukhanya na, kwaye uvale indawo apho ukuvuza kokukhanya kunokwenzeka khona; Indawo yokusebenza kufuneka igcine ukukhanya okwaneleyo, kwaye kukhethwe izakhiwo zokukhusela ezenziwe ngezinto ezifunxa ukukhanya; Abantu kufuneka bajonge iiglasi zokhuseleko kunye neyunifomu yokukhusela ngaphambi kokuba basebenze ngee-laser. Ngamafutshane, i-laser inokubangela ingozi enkulu emzimbeni womntu, kodwa ubukhulu becala sinokuyiphepha ngeendlela zesayensi zokulawula.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-16-2023
