Uhlalutyo ngobukhulu bemarike kunye namathuba ophuhliso lweshishini le-laser elikhawulezayo eTshayina ngo-2021

I-laser yeyona nto iphambili kwizixhobo zokucubungula i-laser, inqanaba lobuchwepheshe be-laser libe yinto ephambili echaphazela inqanaba lobuchwephesha bezixhobo zokucubungula i-laser, i-laser yaseTshayina e-ultrafine ifumene inqanaba lokufaka isicelo kwilebhu, inqanaba lokufaka isicelo kwimizi-mveliso emincinci nephakathi, iya kungena kwisigaba sokufaka isicelo kwimizi-mveliso emikhulu, inqanaba lokuthunyelwa kwimizi-mveliso kunye nomlinganiselo wemarike zikhula ngokukhawuleza ngophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso. Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke ukuba ubungakanani bemarike yemizi-mveliso buqhubeke nokukhula phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo.

Idatha ephambili yale phepha: inani lamashishini kushishino lwe-laser ye-ultrafast, ukuthunyelwa kwe-ultrafast femtosecond ultrafast laser, ubungakanani bemarike kushishino lwe-laser ye-ultrafast, njl. I-Ultrafast laser ibhekisa kwi-laser enobude obufutshane be-laser pulse. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-nanosecond laser, ubude be-laser pulse ye-ultrafast bufutshane kakhulu, amandla akhawulezileyo aphezulu kakhulu, amandla ajoliswe kwindawo encinci kakhulu kwaye akachaphazeleki yisantya sokuphindaphinda kwe-pulse kunye namandla aphakathi, umgangatho we-beam uzinzile.

Ukususela ngo-1961, xa i-laser yokuqala yerubhi yaseTshayina yaphuhliswa yiChangchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, iChinese Academy of Sciences, iteknoloji ye-laser idlule kwinkqubo yophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweminyaka engaphezu kwama-50. Ngokuphathelele uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso, ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1990, iinkampani ze-laser ezindala zangena kwimveliso ye-laser ye-pulse emfutshane kakhulu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kozinzo, i-laser iqalile ukusetyenziswa kumashishini amakhulu.

Ngokuphathelele imfuno yemarike ye-ultrafast laser, ngokwezibalo zeNgxelo yoPhuhliso lweShishini leLaser laseTshayina lika-2021 ekhutshwe ngokudibeneyo yiWuhan Literature and Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Laser Journal, Chinese Optical Society kunye namanye amaziko, ukuthunyelwa kwe-ultrafast femtosecond ultrafast laser eTshayina kwanda unyaka nonyaka ukusuka ngo-2015 ukuya ku-2020, ngesantya sokukhula esingaphezulu kwama-50%. Ngo-2020, iTshayina yathumela ii-2,100 femtosecond ultra-fast lasers, enyuke ngama-52.2 ekhulwini ngonyaka.

Ngokwezibalo zeWuhan Literature and Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, umthamo wentengiso ye-ultrafast laser yaseTshayina ukhule ngokukhawuleza ukusuka ngo-2015 ukuya ku-2020. Ngo-2020, umthamo wentengiso ye-ultrafast laser yaseTshayina udlule kwi-2.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, kunye nokukhula konyaka nge-10.20%. Umyinge wokukhula kwe-compound yonyaka kwimarike ye-ultrafast laser ukusuka ngo-2015 ukuya ku-2020 umalunga ne-56.24%.

I-laser yeyona nto iphambili kwizixhobo zokucubungula i-laser, kwaye inqanaba lobuchwephesha le-laser liba yinto ephambili echaphazela inqanaba lobuchwepheshe bezixhobo zokucubungula i-laser. I-laser ye-micro-machining iya kugcina umkhwa wokukhula uye kwicala le-wavelength emfutshane, ububanzi be-pulse obuncinci kunye namandla aphezulu, kwaye iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwe-micro-machining ziya kwandiswa ngakumbi. Isicwangciso se-14 seMinyaka emihlanu soPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho neNtlalo lweSizwe kunye neSishwankathelo seeNjongo zoMbono ka-2035 zeRiphabliki yabantu baseTshayina, esakhutshwa ngoMatshi 2021, sicebise ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa ngcono kunye nokudibanisa iinkqubo zokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ezikhokelwa ziimfuno zesicwangciso sesizwe, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kwamandla esayensi kunye netekhnoloji acwangcisiweyo akhokelwa ziilabhoratri zesizwe. Inani leelabhoratri zesizwe liya kusekwa ukuze ligxile kwiindawo eziphambili zokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ezifana nolwazi lwe-quantum, i-photonics kunye ne-micro kunye ne-nano electronics, kwaye iilabhoratri eziphambili zesizwe ziya kuhlelwa kwakhona ukuze zenze inkqubo yelabhoratri enesakhiwo esifanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.

Iqhutywa ziziseko zophando lwesayensi kunye nokwandiswa kwemfuno, amandla emarike ye-ultra-short pulse laser emelwe yi-picosecond kunye ne-femtosecond aya kuqhubeka enyuka. Ke ngoko, kuqikelelwa ukuba ubungakanani bemarike yeshishini le-ultrafast laser laseTshayina buya kugcina izinga lokukhula elimalunga ne-15%. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ubungakanani bemarike yeshishini le-ultrafast laser laseTshayina buya kufikelela kwi-6.2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2026.