Laser ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibikoresho bitunganya laser, urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rya laser rwabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi kigira ingaruka ku rwego rwa tekiniki rw'ibikoresho bitunganya laser, laser nziza cyane yo mu Bushinwa imaze kugera ku rwego rwo gukoresha laboratwari, ikoreshwa ry'inganda nto n'iziciriritse, izinjira mu rwego rwo gukoresha inganda nini, urwego rwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu nganda n'urwego rw'isoko rurimo kwiyongera cyane bitewe n'iterambere ry'inganda. Mu gihe kizaza, biteganijwe ko ingano y'isoko ry'inganda izakomeza kwiyongera hakurikijwe politiki.
Amakuru y'ingenzi y'iyi nyandiko: umubare w'ibigo mu nganda za laser za ultrafast, kohereza ultrafast femtosecond ultrafast laser, ingano y'isoko ry'inganda za laser za ultrafast laser, nibindi. Laser ya Ultrafast yerekeza kuri laser ifite igihe gito cya laser pulse. Ugereranyije na nanosecond laser, igihe cya ultrafast laser pulse ni gito cyane, ingufu z'ako kanya ni nyinshi cyane, ingufu zireba agace gato cyane kandi ntizigira ingaruka ku muvuduko wo gusubiramo kwa pulse n'imbaraga mpuzandengo, ubwiza bw'imirasire burahamye.
Kuva mu 1961, ubwo laser ya mbere y’Ubushinwa yakorwaga na Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Abashinwa, ikoranabuhanga rya laser ryanyuze mu iterambere ryihuse ry’imyaka irenga 50. Ku bijyanye n’inganda, kuva mu myaka ya 1990, amasosiyete ya laser ya kera yinjiye mu ikorwa rya laser ya pulse ya ultra-short pulse. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hamwe no gukomeza kunoza ubuziranenge, laser yatangiye gukoreshwa mu nganda nini.
Ku bijyanye n'igikenewe ku isoko cya laser ikora vuba, nk'uko imibare ya Raporo y'Iterambere ry'Inganda za Laser zo mu Bushinwa ya 2021 yashyizwe ahagaragara ku bufatanye na Wuhan Literature and Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Laser Journal, Chinese Optical Society n'izindi nzego, kohereza laser ikora vuba vuba mu Bushinwa byariyongereye buri mwaka kuva mu 2015 kugeza mu 2020, aho igipimo cy'izamuka kirenga 50%. Mu 2020, Ubushinwa bwohereje laser 2,100 zikora vuba vuba, ziyongereyeho 52.2% ugereranyije n'umwaka.
Ku bijyanye n'ingano y'isoko, nk'uko imibare y'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi n'amakuru cya Wuhan mu ishuri ry'ubumenyi ry'Abashinwa ibivuga, ingano y'ibicuruzwa bya laser yo mu Bushinwa yihuta cyane kuva mu 2015 kugeza mu 2020. Mu 2020, ingano y'ibicuruzwa bya laser yo mu Bushinwa yihuta cyane yarenze miliyari 2.7 z'amayuani, aho ubwiyongere bw'umwaka bungana na 10.20%. Igipimo mpuzandengo cy'ubwiyongere bw'isoko rya laser yo mu Bushinwa kuva mu 2015 kugeza mu 2020 ni hafi 56.24%.
Laser ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibikoresho bitunganya laser, kandi urwego rwa tekiniki rwa laser ruhinduka ikintu cy'ingenzi kigira ingaruka ku rwego rwa tekiniki rw'ibikoresho bitunganya laser. Laser itunganya micro-machine izakomeza gutera imbere igana ku cyerekezo cy'uburebure bw'umurambararo mugufi, ubugari bw'ingufu nke n'imbaraga nyinshi, kandi uburyo bwo gukoresha micro-machine buzakomeza kwaguka. Gahunda ya 14 y'imyaka itanu y'iterambere ry'ubukungu n'imibereho myiza y'abaturage n'incamake y'intego z'icyerekezo cya 2035 za Repubulika y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa, yashyizwe ahagaragara muri Werurwe 2021, yagenewe guteza imbere kunoza no guhuza sisitemu z'udushya zigengwa n'ibikenewe mu rwego rw'igihugu, no kwihutisha kubaka imbaraga z'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga ziyobowe na laboratwari z'igihugu. Laboratwari nyinshi z'igihugu zizashyirwaho kugira ngo zibanda ku nzego zikomeye z'udushya nka quantum information, fotonics na micro na nano electronics, kandi laboratwari z'ingenzi z'igihugu zizavugururwa kugira ngo habeho sisitemu ya laboratwari ifite imiterere ikwiye n'imikorere inoze.
Bitewe n’ibice bibiri by’ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n’ubwiyongere bw’ibikenewe, ubushobozi bw’isoko rya laser ya ultra-short pulse ihagarariwe na picosecond na femtosecond buzakomeza kwiyongera. Kubwibyo, biteganyijwe ko ingano y’isoko ry’inganda za laser ya ultra-fast mu Bushinwa izakomeza kwiyongeraho hafi 15%. Biteganyijwe ko ingano y’isoko ry’inganda za laser ya ultra-fast mu Bushinwa izagera kuri miliyari 6.2 z’amayuani mu 2026.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-25-2023
