Kuki imbaraga za laser zibora?

Kugabanya imbaraga za laser ni ikintu gikunze kubaho, akenshi biterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye. Izi mpamvu zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri binini: kugabanya imbaraga zisanzwe n'ibintu byo hanze bishobora kudindizwa cyangwa kwirindwa. Izi ni zo mpamvu nyamukuru zitera kwangirika kw'imbaraga za laser, zitondetse kuva ku gice cy'ibanze kugeza ku cya kabiri:

Gusaza no kwangirika (kugabanuka kw'ibice by'ingenzi bya laser)

Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru yo kwangirika kw'ingufu, cyane cyane kuri lazeri zikoresha imbaraga nyinshi.

1. Kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ipompo (dufashe urugero rwa laser ya semiconductor LD)

Ihame ry'imikorere:LD ni "moteri" ya laser nyinshi za solid-state na fiber lasers ".

Uburyo bwo kugabanya ububabare:

Gukura neza: Ubusembwa bw'urukiramende ruri muri chip ya LD buzakomeza gukura no kwiyongera bitewe n'imbaraga z'amashanyarazi n'ubushyuhe bw'igihe kirekire, bigatuma habaho kwiyongera kw'ihindagurika ry'urukiramende ritava ku mirasire y'izuba ndetse no kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo guhindura amashanyarazi n'amatara.

Kwangirika gukabije k'ubuso bw'umwobo w'amaso:Mu gihe cy’ubucucike bw’ingufu nyinshi cyane, umwanda muto cyangwa inenge z’ubuso bw’aho amazi asohoka bizafata urumuri rwa laser, bigatera ubushyuhe bw’aho hantu kandi bigatera gushonga kw’ubuso bw’aho amazi aturuka, ibyo bikaba ari inzira idasubira inyuma yo gusenyuka kw’inkangu.

Kwangirika kw'icyuma cya electrode:Guhuza electrode n'ibikoresho bya semiconductor bizakwirakwira hagati y'ibyuma n'ibinyabutabire ku bushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma habaho kwiyongera k'ubudahangarwa bw'ibinyabutabire ndetse no gushyuha cyane.

Imikorere:Umuvuduko w'amazi uturuka ku ipompe uzakomeza kwiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi imikorere y'amazi amanuka izagabanuka, bigatuma imbaraga zisohoka zigabanuka.

2. Kugabanuka k'imikorere hagati

Laser ikomeye/fibre (urugero: YAG, kristu za YV04, fibre ya Yb/Er ifite dope):

Imiterere y'amabara hagati:Mu gihe kirekire habayeho imirasire y'urumuri rwa pompe (cyane cyane ult

Ibice bya raviolet), "ahantu hagaragara amabara" (ahantu hagaragara amabara) hazakorerwa muri fibre ya kristu cyangwa ikirahure. Izi mpande z'amabara zifata urumuri rwa pompe n'urumuri rwa laser rwakozwe, zigahindura ingufu z'ubushyuhe aho gukoreshwa mu mirasire ishyushye.

Ingaruka z'indorerwamo z'ubushyuhe n'ingaruka z'umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe:Nubwo ingaruka z'indorerwamo z'ubushyuhe ubwazo zishobora gusubizwa inyuma, imihindagurikire y'ubushyuhe bw'igihe kirekire n'umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe bishobora gutera uduce duto tw'ikirahure, impinduka zihoraho mu gipimo cyo kurekura, cyangwa kwijima kwa fibre.

Laser ya gas (nk'iya co2):Uruvange rwa gazi ruzagenda rubora buhoro buhoro, rugatwarwa na electrode cyangwa rukagirana ingaruka n'ibikoresho byo mu rukuta rw'umuyoboro, bigatuma igipimo cya gazi ikora kidahinduka kandi inyungu ikagabanuka.

3. Kwangirika kw'ibintu by'urumuri

Idirishya/idirishya rigaragaza aho umuntu aherereye:indorerwamo yuzuye, indorerwamo isohoka n'idirishya riri muri laser ni ahantu ingufu ziba nyinshi cyane.

Kwangirika kwa firime:laser ifite ingufu nyinshi izakora lens kuri firime irwanya urumuri cyangwa igabanya urumuri cyane, ikavunika cyangwa ikazima.

Umwanda:Ibintu bito by’ibinyabuzima biri mu bidukikije (nk’umwuka w’amavuta) bizafata ku buso bw’ikirahure, bigahinduka karuboni bitewe n’imikorere ya laser, bigatuma habaho aho binjirira burundu, bigatera ibindi byangirika.

Gukurura ibikoresho:Ndetse n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bifite ubushobozi buke bwo kwinjiza urumuri rwa laser ku rugero runaka rw'uburebure. Ingaruka z'igihe kirekire zishobora gutuma habaho impinduka nke mu miterere y'ibikoresho.

Imiterere y'ikoreshwa ry'inyuma n'imikorere idahwitse

Ibi bintu bishobora kwihutisha cyane gusaza kw'ibice by'ingenzi byavuzwe haruguru.

1. Kunanirwa gucunga ubushyuhe

Ubushobozi bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha buragabanuka:Ireme ry'amazi akonjesha riragabanuka bigatuma inzira y'amazi irushaho kwaguka no kuziba; kunanirwa kw'icyuma gikonjesha amazi bituma ubushyuhe bw'amazi budahindagurika cyangwa burushaho kwiyongera; ivumbi ry'umufana rituma ubushyuhe budakwirakwira neza.

Ingaruka:Ukwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya laser bizihutisha cyane umuvuduko wo gusaza kwa semiconductors zose n'ibice by'urumuri. Kuri LD, igihe cy'ubuzima gishobora kugabanukaho kimwe cya kabiri kuri buri kwiyongera kwa dogere selisiyusi 10 mu bushyuhe bw'amahuriro (dukurikije icyitegererezo cya Arrhenius).

2. Ahantu hakorerwa akazi n'umwanda

Umukungugu n'imyanda ihumanya:ivumbi, umwotsi, amavuta, nibindi biri mu kirere byinjira muri laser, bikangiza ubuso n'uruziga rw'amatara, bigatera ubushyuhe bwo mu gace, uruziga rugufi cyangwa arc.

Kunyeganyega no guhungabana:Urufatiro rudahamye rwo gushyiraho cyangwa guhindagurika kw'inyuma bizatuma imiterere y'ibice by'urumuri ihinduka iy'imiterere myiza, bigabanye imikorere myiza y'umusaruro, kandi bishobora gutuma imiterere y'imashini igabanuka mu bihe bikomeye.

Ubushuhe:Ubushuhe bwinshi butera ubushyuhe ku buso bwa lens, bishobora gutuma firime iturika mu gihe cy'imirasire ya laser. Muri icyo gihe, ubushuhe bushobora no kwangiza ibice by'ikoranabuhanga.

3. Uburyo budakwiye bwo gukora

Guhinduranya cyane kenshi:Gukoresha laser mu buryo bwihuse kandi butunguranye bizatera ingaruka zikomeye ku isoko y'ipompe n'amashanyarazi, bigabanya igihe cyo kuyimara.

Imikorere y'igihe kirekire munsi y'ibipimo ntarengwa:Reka laser ikomeze gukora ku kigero kirenga 90% by'imbaraga ntarengwa cyangwa ndetse no kurenza urugero, bizatuma ibice byayo by'ingenzi bihora mu mimerere yo guhangayika cyane kandi byihutishe gusaza.

Imitwaro idahuye:Ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa laser, kudahuza neza kw'umutwaro n'ubwiza bw'ingufu bishobora gutuma zimwe mu ngufu zigaruka mu mwobo, bigatera kudahindagurika cyangwa kwangirika.

Kwangirika kw'ingufu n'uburyo bwo kugenzura

Imikorere y'amashanyarazi ya drive iragabanuka:Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi/voltage uhoraho urushaho kuba mubi, kandi umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi uriyongera, ibyo bikaba bidashobora gutanga umuyoboro uhamye kandi utunganye ku isoko ry'amashanyarazi, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere n'ubuzima bw'amashanyarazi.

Gusaza k'urusobe rw'ibikoresho byo kugenzura:Ibipimo bya capacitors, resistor n'ibindi bice bigenda bihindagurika uko igihe n'ubushyuhe bisimburana, bigatuma uburyo bwo kugenzura bugabanuka.

Incamake n'ingamba zo kwirinda

Kugabanuka k'ingufu za laser ni inzira idashobora kwirindwa burundu ariko ishobora gucungwa neza no kugabanyirizwa umuvuduko.

Kugira ngo imbaraga zitinde cyane kandi zikomeze gukora neza, ni byiza ko:

1. Gutanga ahantu heza ho gukorera:komeza isuku, ubushyuhe budahinduka, ubushuhe buke, nta gutigita.

2. Kugenzura neza imicungire y'ubushyuhe:kubungabunga buri gihe uburyo bwo gukonjesha kugira ngo amazi arusheho kuba meza kandi atemba neza.

3. Kurikiza inzira isanzwe y'imikorere:irinde guhinduranya ibintu kenshi no gukora igihe kirekire mu bihe bikomeye.

4. Kora gahunda yo kubungabunga impanuka buri gihe:kugenzura buri gihe ibice by'urumuri, gusukura inzira y'urumuri, no gusimbuza ibikoresho bikoreshwa (nk'ibinyabutabire n'ibinyabutabire) ukurikije ibisabwa n'uwabikoze.

5. Koresha amashanyarazi ahoraho:menya neza ko voltage y'amashanyarazi ihamye, kandi ukoreshe icyuma gitera imbaraga mu gihe bibaye ngombwa.

Mu gusobanukirwa ubu buryo bwo kugabanya ubukana no gufata ingamba zikwiye, igihe cyo kubaho cya laser gishobora kongerwa cyane kandi umusaruro ugakomeza gukoreshwa mu gihe cy'ubuzima ugakomeza kuba mwiza.